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<jats:p>As shrinking ice sheets raise sea level, estimates of how quickly the frozen continent is losing and gaining ice remain slippery.</jats:p>

<jats:p>At the meeting, researchers presented facial reconstructions of a British boy from the 18th century and a warrior from the Amazonian rainforest who died more than 80 years ago.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers found an amazingly high infection intensity of whipworm in a 200-year-old adult mummy from Piraino, Italy, according to a poster presented at the meeting.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Bioarchaeologists reported at the meeting that only elite members of ancient Egyptian society consistently benefited from all the tricks of the embalmers' trade, thereby boosting their chances of a pleasurable afterlife.</jats:p>

<jats:p> Manicassamy <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . (Reports, 13 August 2010, p. 849) deleted β-catenin in intestinal immune cells using a CD11c-driven Cre recombinase, which decreased anti-inflammatory mediators and increased inflammatory bowel disease. However, the deletion of β-catenin in macrophages remains a caveat to their interpretation that Wnt signaling programs dendritic cells into a tolerogenic state. Development of strains expressing Cre in a more finely lineage-restricted pattern may help resolve this issue. </jats:p>

<jats:p> Murphy argues that deletion of β-catenin in macrophages is a caveat to our interpretation that Wnt signaling programs dendritic cells (DCs) into a tolerogenic state in the gut. However, our data demonstrate that β-catenin–deficient DCs are greatly impaired in inducing regulatory T cells, and induce enhanced T helper 17 (T <jats:sub>H</jats:sub> 17)/T <jats:sub>H</jats:sub> 1 responses. Assessing the relative importance of DCs versus macrophages in intestinal tolerance must await tools that permit the genetic deletion of the numerous DC and macrophage subsets in the intestine. </jats:p>