Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:p>Associative brain centers are able to account for an infinite amount of possible associations through randomized sensory input.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Cues associated with a previous experience, presented again during sleep, may improve your memory of this experience.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Noninvasive studies of human brain function hold great potential to unlock mysteries of the human mind. The complexity of data generated by such studies, however, has prompted various simplifying assumptions during analysis. Although this has enabled considerable progress, our current understanding is partly contingent upon these assumptions. An emerging approach embraces the complexity, accounting for the fact that neural representations are widely distributed, neural processes involve interactions between regions, interactions vary by cognitive state, and the space of interactions is massive. Because what you see depends on how you look, such unbiased approaches provide the greatest flexibility for discovery.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Speech and music are remarkable aspects of human cognition and sensory-motor processing. Cognitive neuroscience has focused on them to understand how brain function and structure are modified by learning. Recent evidence indicates that individual differences in anatomical and functional properties of the neural architecture also affect learning and performance in these domains. Here, neuroimaging findings are reviewed that reiterate evidence of experience-dependent brain plasticity, but also point to the predictive validity of such data in relation to new learning in speech and music domains. Indices of neural sensitivity to certain stimulus features have been shown to predict individual rates of learning; individual network properties of brain activity are especially relevant in this regard, as they may reflect anatomical connectivity. Similarly, numerous studies have shown that anatomical features of auditory cortex and other structures, and their anatomical connectivity, are predictive of new sensory-motor learning ability. Implications of this growing body of literature are discussed.</jats:p>

<jats:title>Designer Vaccine</jats:title> <jats:p> Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the last remaining childhood diseases without an approved vaccine. Using a structure-based approach, <jats:bold> McLellan <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="592" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1243283">592</jats:related-article> ) designed over 150 fusion glycoprotein variants, assessed their antibody reactivity, determined crystal structures of stabilized variants, and measured their ability to elicit protective responses. This approach yielded an immunogen that elicits higher protective responses than the postfusion form of the fusion glycoprotein, which is one of the current leading RSV vaccine candidates entering clinical trials. Importantly, highly protective responses were elicited in both mice and macaques. </jats:p>

<jats:title>Magnetic Crab</jats:title> <jats:p> Since pulsars—highly magnetized rotating neutron stars—were discovered 45 years ago, the evolution of their magnetic field structure has been subject to much theoretical conjecture. However, observational evidence has been sparse. Now <jats:bold> Lyne <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="598" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1243254">598</jats:related-article> ) report high-precision measurements, spanning more than two decades, that reveal the systematic evolution of the radiation pattern of the pulsar in the Crab Nebula, one of the youngest neutron stars known. </jats:p>

<jats:title>Quantum Heating</jats:title> <jats:p> Mesoscopic wires exhibit peculiar properties at low temperatures. Their electric conductance can show plateaus at evenly spaced values, which reflects the sequential opening of “quantum transport channels,” each of which can only carry a finite amount of charge or heat. Whereas the step size for the electric conductance depends on the type of the particle carrying the charge, for heat conduction this “quantum” is universal. <jats:bold> Jezouin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="601" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1241912">601</jats:related-article> , published online 3 October; see the Perspective by <jats:related-article issue="6158" page="" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342"> <jats:bold>Sothmann and Flindt</jats:bold> </jats:related-article> ) measured the quantum of heat conduction through a single electronic channel by comparing the amount of heat needed to heat a small metal plate to a constant temperature, while varying the number of electronic channels through which the heat was dissipated from the plate. Encouragingly, the measurement was in agreement with the theoretical prediction. </jats:p>

<jats:title>Information Physics</jats:title> <jats:p> Multiparameter models, which can emerge in biology and other disciplines, are often sensitive to only a small number of parameters and robust to changes in the rest; approaches from information theory can be used to distinguish between the two parameter groups. In physics, on the other hand, one does not need to know the details at smaller length and time scales in order to understand the behavior on large scales. This hierarchy has been recognized for a long time and formalized within the renormalization group (RG) approach. <jats:bold> Machta <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="604" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1238723">604</jats:related-article> ) explored the connection between two scales by using an information-theoretical approach based on the Fisher Information Matrix to analyze two commonly used physics models—diffusion in one dimension and the Ising model of magnetism—as the time and length scales, respectively, were progressively coarsened. The expected “stiff” parameters emerged, in agreement with RG intuition. </jats:p>

<jats:title>Coherently Controlling Large Cats</jats:title> <jats:p> The control and manipulation of quantum information based on superconducting circuits is an attractive route because of the possibility of scale-up. <jats:bold> Vlastakis <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="607" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1243289">607</jats:related-article> , published online 26 September; see the Perspective by <jats:bold> <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6158" page="568" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="342" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1245510">Leek</jats:related-article> </jats:bold> ) were able to generate and control quantum entanglement between a superconducting qubit and hundreds of photons stored in a cavity resonator by using deterministic methods for on-demand generation of large Schrödinger cat states in a microwave cavity with arbitrary size and phase. The ability to map the state of a qubit to large Schrödinger cat states should provide a robust quantum resource in future quantum-based technologies. </jats:p>