Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Be mindful of a self-reported gap</jats:title> <jats:p> Happiness is a notoriously hard to pin down quantity possibly best described by the phrase, “I know it when I see it.” Self-reported ratings of happiness are generally higher for political conservatives in the United States than for those with more liberal leanings. Wojcik <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> examined three data sets based on behavioral measures, such as tweets and smiles. Despite self-reported claims to the contrary, liberals exhibited more happiness than their more conservative counterparts. For instance, as judged from their photographs on a business-oriented social network, more employees of the <jats:italic>New York Times</jats:italic> smiled genuinely than did those of the <jats:italic>Wall Street Journal</jats:italic> . </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1243" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1260817">1243</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Pleistocene humans in tropical rainforest</jats:title> <jats:p> The tropical rainforest environment is nutritionally poor and tricky to navigate as compared to open habitats. This poses challenges for human subsistence. There has been little evidence to suggest that human populations relied on rainforest resources before the start of the Holocene, 10,000 years ago. Roberts <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed earlier fossil human and animal tooth enamel from Sri Lanka. The diet of these humans suggests rainforest rather than open-habitat foraging. Thus, humans were effectively exploiting rainforests in Sri Lanka since at least 20,000 years ago throughout periods of considerable climatic and environmental flux. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1246" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa1230">1246</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>The N-end rule finds a physiological function</jats:title> <jats:p> The N-end–rule pathway for protein degradation is a canonical degradation pathway discovered in the 1980s. In recent years, studies have focused on finding novel variant pathways of N-end recognition. The “classical” pathway is blocked by N-terminal acetylation of the substrate. However, in yeast, N-terminal acetylation need not block degradation, because a second pathway can act on acetylated N-termini. But is this alternate pathway a major player in the physiology of mammals? Park <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now confirm the existence of the alternate pathway in mammalian cells. Most notably, patient-derived point mutations thought to confer hypertension in humans affect susceptibility to this pathway for the encoded protein substrate, Rgs2. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1249" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa3844">1249</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Special delivery for fatty liver disease</jats:title> <jats:p> Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of many unwelcome consequences of the global rise in obesity rates. Fat accumulation within the liver can lead to inflammation and cirrhosis, a predisposing factor for liver cancer. Treatment options are limited. Perry <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> revisit a mitochondrial uncoupling agent (2,4-dinitrophenol) that was used as a drug for weight loss in the 1930s but was discontinued because of serious toxicities. Encouragingly, an altered formulation of the drug that ensures its controlled release at low levels ameliorated fatty liver and diabetes in rodent models, without side effects. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1253" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa0672">1253</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A sensitive regulator of cellular potassium</jats:title> <jats:p> A class of potassium channels called K2P channels modulates resting membrane potential in most cells. The channels are regulated by multiple ligands, including the antidepressant drug Prozac, as well as factors such as mechanical stretch and voltage. Dong <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> determined the structure of the human K2P channel, TREK-2, in two conformations and bound to a metabolite of Prozac. The structures show how ligand binding or mechanical stretch might induce switching between the states. Although both states have open channels, one appears primed for gating. A Prozac metabolite binds to the primed state and prevents conformational switching. K2P channels are not a target of Prozac, but their inhibition may contribute to side effects. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1256" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1261512">1256</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A new therapeutic target for sepsis</jats:title> <jats:p> Infections can sometimes unleash powerful immune responses that careen out of control, leading to sepsis, organ failure, and death. Although antibiotics can help to quash the infection, sepsis patients also need therapies that will rein in the immune response. Weber <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now identify one potential target, the secreted protein interleukin-3 (IL-3) (see the Perspective by Hotchkiss). In sepsis patients, higher serum concentrations of IL-3 were correlated with higher rates of mortality. In septic mice, IL-3 caused the immune system to produce large amounts of cells called monocytes and neutrophils, which secrete highly inflammatory proteins. Blocking IL-3 protected mice from sepsis-induced death. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1260" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa4268">1260</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1201" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa8334">1201</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Midnight snacks are bad for the heart</jats:title> <jats:p> Circadian clocks help animals coordinate their active and rest periods with the daily cycles of light and darkness. As anyone who has suffered jet lag or worked night shifts knows, losing this coordination can have deleterious effects. Gill <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> compared fruit flies that were allowed to eat at any time with flies that were only allowed to eat during the day (when they are active). The flies with restricted feeding times slept better and had a slower decline in heart function as they aged. They also showed less weight gain, even though both groups of flies consumed about the same amount. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6227" page="1265" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="347" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1256682">1265</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p> Whether in mice or macaques, disease modeling traditionally has been a tedious and expensive affair, not to mention unreliable, as mutations that are crippling in humans could have negligible impacts in animals, and vice versa. As drug development often requires preclinical animal studies, that disconnect has had real implications for the pharmaceuticals industry, both in money and missed opportunities. Today, researchers increasingly are migrating their models from the mouse house to the culture room. Armed with induced pluripotent stem cells made from patient cells, these investigators are probing everything from basic biology and disease etiology to drug discovery and cell therapeutics. <jats:list list-type="bullet"> <jats:list-item> <jats:p> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/site/products/lst_20150313.xhtml">Read the Feature (Full-Text HTML)</jats:ext-link> </jats:p> </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> <jats:p> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/site/products/lst_20150313.pdf">Read the Feature (PDF)</jats:ext-link> </jats:p> </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> <jats:p> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/site/products/lst_20150313_np.pdf">Read New Products (PDF)</jats:ext-link> </jats:p> </jats:list-item> </jats:list> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>

<jats:p> A decade on from the completion of the Human Genome, the Human Protein Atlas, a multinational research project supported by the non-profit Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, recently launched (November 6, 2014) an open source tissue-based interactive map of the human proteome. A team of multidisciplinary researchers with expertise spanning biotechnology, information technology, and medicine have used a combination of several 'omics technologies to map proteins down to the single cell level, showing both proteins restricted to certain tissues—such as the brain, heart, or liver—and those present in all tissues. It has taken this team over 1,000 person years to compile a searchable, open source database (www.proteinatlas.org) comprising 13 million annotated images of human tissues. The interactive database is aimed at researchers interested in basic research into human biology as well as those working in translational medicine. In this webinar, three of the researchers involved in this program will provide their insights regarding the lessons learned from this intensive effort to map the human proteome. <jats:list list-type="bullet"> <jats:list-item> <jats:p> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://webinar.sciencemag.org/webinar/archive/charting-human-proteome">View the Webinar</jats:ext-link> </jats:p> </jats:list-item> </jats:list> </jats:p>