Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>For bees, many roads lead to social harmony</jats:title> <jats:p> Eusociality, where workers sacrifice their reproductive rights to support the colony, has evolved repeatedly and represents the most evolved form of social evolution in insects. Kapheim <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> looked across the genomes of 10 bee species with varying degrees of sociality to determine the underlying genomic contributions. No one genomic path led to eusociality, but similarities across genomes were seen in features such as increases in gene regulation and methylation. It also seems that selection pressures relaxed after the emergence of complex sociality. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1139" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa4788">1139</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Earliest stages of human development revealed</jats:title> <jats:p> Most of our knowledge about meiosis in mammalian oocytes stems from studies of mouse oocytes. However, chromosome segregation in mouse oocytes is much more reliable than in human oocytes. Working with the clinic that first pioneered IVF, Holubcové <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied freshly harvested human oocytes. They used high-resolution fluorescence microscopy to watch more than 100 human oocytes as they went through each step of meiosis. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1143" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa9529">1143</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Pushing the limits of electron microscopy</jats:title> <jats:p> Recent advances in cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) allow structures of large macromolecules to be determined at near-atomic resolution. So far, though, resolutions approaching 2 Å, where features key to drug design are revealed, remain the province of x-ray crystallography. Bartesaghi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> achieved a resolution of 2.2 Å for a 465-kD ligand-bound protein complex using cryo-EM. The density map is detailed enough to show close to 800 water molecules, magnesium and sodium ions, and precise side-chain conformations. These results bring routine use of cryo-EM in rational drug design a step closer. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1147" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aab1576">1147</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A mouse model for ALS</jats:title> <jats:p> A G4C2 repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is known to be the major genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (c9FTD/ALS). However, a lack of animal models recapitulating key disease features has hindered efforts to understand and prevent c9FTD/ALS-related neurodegeneration. Until now. Chew <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> describe a mouse model that mimics both neuropathological and clinical phenotypes of c9FTD/ALS. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1151" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa9344">1151</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Giving an old organelle the old heave-ho</jats:title> <jats:p> Centrioles are ancient cellular organelles that build centrosomes, the major microtubule-organizing centers in animal cells. Duplication of centrioles is tightly controlled to ensure that each dividing cell has precisely two centrosomes. Human cancer cells often have extra centrosomes, which has been hypothesized to confer a proliferative advantage. Wong <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed small molecules (centrinones) that allowed them to reversibly “delete” centrioles from cells (see the Perspective by Stearns). Surprisingly, cancer cells continued to divide in the absence of centrosomes, whereas normal cells stopped dividing. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1155" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa5111">1155</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1091" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac4860">1091</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Heterochromatin in aging stem cells</jats:title> <jats:p> Analysis of human aging syndromes, such as Werner syndrome (WS), may lead to greater understanding of both premature and normal aging. Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> generated isogenic WS-specific human embryonic stem cell lines (see the Perspective by Brunauer and Kennedy). WS-mesenchymal stem cells displayed features characteristic of premature aging, including heterochromatin disorganization. WRN protein thus functions in the maintenance of heterochromatin, and heterochromatin alterations may represent a driving force of human aging. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1160" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaa1356">1160</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6239" page="1093" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="348" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac4214">1093</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>

<jats:p>This webinar is the third in a series focusing on the cancer pathways that support tumor development, the emerging research in identifying and targeting these pathways, and innovations in the development of increasingly effective cancer therapy options. Recent advances in our understanding of cancer have revealed that the disease cannot be understood through simple analysis of genetic mutations within the cancerous cells. Instead, tumors should be considered as complex tissues in which the cancer cells communicate directly and indirectly with the surrounding cellular microenvironment and evolve traits that promote their own survival. In this webinar we will explore how cancer cells are able to reprogram their metabolic pathways to enable energy production under conditions that are disabling to most normal cells. Of particular interest are how tumor-specific metabolic changes promote oncogenic progression and how these changes can be exploited to develop more effective treatment options.</jats:p>

<jats:p>On this week's show: friction at the atomic level, recreating the acoustics of historical spaces, and a roundup of daily news stories.</jats:p>