Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Cichlids diverge within a crater lake</jats:title> <jats:p> It is not clear how populations diversify and new species form at the genomic level, especially when they coexist in the same location. Malinsky <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated how two ecomorphs of cichlid fish in a small lake in Tanzania are diversifying relative to each other. Although there is gene flow between the two forms, major regions of genetic divergence, known as genomic islands, separate the populations. Within these islands, the authors found genes likely to be associated with mate choice, supporting the idea that genetic changes related to breeding preferences are the first to diverge during speciation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1493" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9927">1493</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Simulating electronic transport with atoms</jats:title> <jats:p> Two superconductors connected by a bridge made out of nonsuperconducting material form a so-called Josephson junction (see the Perspective by Belzig). Valtolina <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> replaced the superconductors with two reservoirs of a superfluid Fermi gas and connected them by a weak link to allow atoms to move from one side to the other. Then they made one reservoir more populated than the other and studied the ensuing dynamics as a function of interaction strength between the atoms. In a related experiment, Husmann <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> kept the interaction strength at its maximum, but varied the temperature and the properties of the link. As temperature increased, the superfluid disappeared and thermal transport took over. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1498" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9584">1498</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1505" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9725">1505</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1470" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad6876">1470</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>The making of a molecular movie</jats:title> <jats:p> Phase transitions familiar from everyday life, such as boiling or melting, are caused by changing the temperature. In the laboratory, however, researchers can also change the phase of a material by shining intense light on it. During such transitions, changes occur in both the electronic and lattice structure of the material. Ishikawa <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used ultrafast optical and electron diffraction probes to monitor both types of change simultaneously during a photo-induced phase transition in a molecular crystal. The resulting molecular movies showed expansion of the intermolecular distance, flattening of the molecules, and tilting of molecular dimers. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1501" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aab3480">1501</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Simulating electronic transport with atoms</jats:title> <jats:p> Two superconductors connected by a bridge made out of nonsuperconducting material form a so-called Josephson junction (see the Perspective by Belzig). Valtolina <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> replaced the superconductors with two reservoirs of a superfluid Fermi gas and connected them by a weak link to allow atoms to move from one side to the other. Then they made one reservoir more populated than the other and studied the ensuing dynamics as a function of interaction strength between the atoms. In a related experiment, Husmann <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> kept the interaction strength at its maximum, but varied the temperature and the properties of the link. As temperature increased, the superfluid disappeared and thermal transport took over. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1498" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9584">1498</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1505" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9725">1505</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1470" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad6876">1470</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Store more energy with a touch of nitrogen</jats:title> <jats:p> In contrast to batteries, capacitors typically can store less power, but they can capture and release that power much more quickly. Lin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> fabricated a porous carbon material that was then doped with nitrogen. This raised the energy density of the carbon more than threefold—an increase that was retained in full capacitors, without losing their ability to deliver power quickly. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1508" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aab3798">1508</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Borophene: Boron in two dimensions</jats:title> <jats:p> Although bulk allotropes of carbon and boron differ greatly, small clusters of these elements show remarkable similarities. Boron analogs of two-dimensional carbon allotropes such as graphene have been predicted. Now Mannix <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report the formation of two-dimensional boron by depositing the elemental boron onto a silver surface under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions (see the Perspective by Sachdev). The graphene-like structure was buckled, weakly bonded to the substrate, and metallic. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1513" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad1080">1513</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1468" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad7021">1468</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Peering into cathode layered oxides</jats:title> <jats:p> The quest for better rechargeable batteries means finding ways to pack more energy into a smaller mass or volume. Lithium layered oxides are a promising class of materials that could double storage capacities. However, the design of safe and long-lasting batteries requires an understanding of the physical and chemical changes that occur during redox processes. McCalla <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a combination of experiments and calculations to understand the formation of O-O dimers, which are key to improving the properties of these cathode materials. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1516" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac8260">1516</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Early stages of a beneficial relationship</jats:title> <jats:p> Plants benefit from widespread symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. This symbiosis between plant and fungus aids plants in capturing mineral and micronutrients from the soil. Gutjahr <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> have now identified a component of an intracellular receptor, the hydrolase DWARF 14 LIKE, required in rice roots for initiating the symbiosis. A similar receptor detects karrikins in smoke that signal opportunity for fireweed to grow after a forest fire. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1521" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9715">1521</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>The makings of motor neuron disease</jats:title> <jats:p> Developing motor neurons link the muscles to the central nervous system. Amin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that microRNA-218 (miR-218) was expressed in developing motor neurons and repressed a wide network of genes whose expression typifies other sorts of neurons. Mice lacking miR-218 died at birth with symptoms characteristic of human motor neuron diseases. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6267" page="1525" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad2509">1525</jats:related-article> </jats:p>