Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>A quantum optical circulator</jats:title><jats:p>A circulator is a passive three- or four-port device that routes signals according to a simple protocol: If the ports are numbered in ascending order, a signal that enters the circulator through port 1, 2, 3, or 4 exits it through port 2, 3, 4, or 1, respectively. Scheucher<jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic>demonstrate an integrated optical circulator that operates by using the internal quantum state of a single atom (see the Perspective by Munro and Nemoto). Moreover, the routing can be reversed by flipping the atomic spin. Such an integrated optical device may be important for routing and processing quantum information in scalable integrated optical circuits.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Science</jats:italic>, this issue p.<jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1577" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaj2118">1577</jats:related-article>; see also p.<jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1532" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aal3163">1532</jats:related-article></jats:p>

<jats:title>Probing packing rules</jats:title> <jats:p> The crystals of a well-defined ligand-covered gold nanoparticle can reveal how packing into a lattice happens. Zeng <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> synthesized nanoparticles with a 246-atom gold core surrounded by 80 4-methylbenzenethiol ligands. These nearly spherical nanoparticles did not pack into a cubic arrangement but instead formed a lower-symmetry monoclinic structure. A hierarchy of interparticle ligand interactions controlled the packing, including sets of chiral packing arrangements that reversed between layers. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1580" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aak9750">1580</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Mass movement of “invisibles”</jats:title> <jats:p> We know a lot about vertebrate migrations globally. However, the majority of animals that live on this planet are invertebrates, and we know very little about their movements. Hu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> monitored the migration of large and small insects over the southern United Kingdom for a decade. They found that more than a trillion insects move across this region annually. The movement of such a large biomass has considerable impacts on the ecosystems between which the insects migrate. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1584" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah4379">1584</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Now you feel it, now you don't</jats:title> <jats:p> What determines the detection of a sensory stimulus? To address this question, Takahashi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> combined in vivo two-photon imaging, electrophysiology, optogenetics, and behavioral analysis in a study of mice. Calcium signals in apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons in the somatosensory cortex controlled the perceptual threshold of the mice's whiskers. Strong reduction of dendritic calcium signaling impaired the perceptual detection threshold so that an identical stimulus could no longer be noticed. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1587" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah6066">1587</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Marine benefits of the Paris Agreement</jats:title> <jats:p> Keeping recent global agreements to limit temperature increases to 1.5° to 2°C above preindustrial levels will have benefits across terrestrial ecosystems. But what about marine ecosystems? Cheung <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> modeled the influence of temperature increases on two key measures of fishery sustainability, catch and species turnover (see the Perspective by Fulton). Limiting temperature increases to 1.5°C substantially improved catch potential and decreased turnover of harvested species. These results provide further support for meeting this important goal. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1591" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aag2331">1591</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1530" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aal2777">1530</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Prohormone processing by subtilases</jats:title> <jats:p> A flower that has gone to seed will drop its petals in a regulated process called abscission. Schardon <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed the production of the peptide hormone that regulates floral organ abscission in the model plant <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana.</jats:italic> They used tissue-specific expression of proteinase inhibitors to identify the subtilisin-like proteinases that act as prohormone convertases required for peptide hormone production in plants. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1594" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aai8550">1594</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A closed conformation for Zika virus enzyme</jats:title> <jats:p> The recent Zika virus epidemic highlights the need for antiviral drugs. One important drug target is the virus's NS2B-NS3 protease, an enzyme that is critical for viral replication. Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report high-resolution crystal structures of the protease as a free enzyme and with a peptide bound to the active site in the reverse position. The structures reveal that, unlike in other flaviviruses, the protease adopts a closed conformation, in which NS2B engages NS3 to form the empty substrate-binding site. Moreover, substrate binding did not substantially alter the conformation of the enzyme. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6319" page="1597" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aai9309">1597</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Boiled down to its essence, precision medicine describes the ability to tailor therapies to a patient's individual needs by examining their particular physiology, genome, and environment. The ideal is that individualized treatment will lead to lower costs, fewer side effects, and better outcomes. Precision medicine in China, if not in its infancy, is still a long way from reaching maturity. However, it shows significant promise. The country provides unique opportunities for research, including a varied geography and a large population presenting with many different diseases, both common and rare. Furthermore, the government is clearly a strong proponent of precision medicine, supporting it financially through numerous initiatives and also through policy changes at a national level. This supplement takes a deeper look at precision medicine in China, including associated research undertakings and how it is currently being applied in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, with a particular focus on cancer. There is little doubt that China intends to be a leader in this area, investing both money and resources. Should this venture pay off, the country will be well placed to provide top-quality health care for its populace and even to provide advice to other nations with less-advanced health care systems.</jats:p> <jats:p> This special supplement brought to you by the <jats:bold>Science</jats:bold> /AAAS Custom Publishing Office. </jats:p>

<jats:p>Boiled down to its essence, precision medicine describes the ability to tailor therapies to a patient's individual needs by examining their particular physiology, genome, and environment. The ideal is that individualized treatment will lead to lower costs, fewer side effects, and better outcomes. Precision medicine in China, if not in its infancy, is still a long way from reaching maturity. However, it shows significant promise. The country provides unique opportunities for research, including a varied geography and a large population presenting with many different diseases, both common and rare. Furthermore, the government is clearly a strong proponent of precision medicine, supporting it financially through numerous initiatives and also through policy changes at a national level. This supplement takes a deeper look at precision medicine in China, including associated research undertakings and how it is currently being applied in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, with a particular focus on cancer. There is little doubt that China intends to be a leader in this area, investing both money and resources. Should this venture pay off, the country will be well placed to provide top-quality health care for its populace and even to provide advice to other nations with less-advanced health care systems.</jats:p> <jats:p> This special supplement brought to you by the <jats:bold>Science</jats:bold> /AAAS Custom Publishing Office. </jats:p>