Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Wiring up the eye</jats:title> <jats:p> During development, sensory systems must build topographic maps by connecting neurons at different levels within a circuit. Fernandes <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now open a window into how the <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> eye develops these maps (see the Perspective by Isaacman-Beck and Clandinin). The authors show that glial cells that ensheath axons relay cues from photoreceptors to induce the differentiation of the photoreceptor target field—the so-called lamina neurons—in the <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> visual system. Thus, glia can play an instructive role in differentiation, helping to direct the spatiotemporal patterning of neurogenesis. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="886" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aan3174">886</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="867" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao2991">867</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Elucidating the risk of Parkinson's disease</jats:title> <jats:p> High expression of the α-synuclein gene ( <jats:italic>SNCA</jats:italic> ) is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), but certain drugs may mitigate this risk. Mittal <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> ran a small-molecule screen to identify compounds that regulate levels of <jats:italic>SNCA</jats:italic> expression and found that several β2-adrenoreceptor (β2AR) agonists reduced them (see the Perspective by Snyder). These compounds modulated epigenetic marks at the <jats:italic>SNCA</jats:italic> gene, effectively suppressing <jats:italic>SNCA</jats:italic> transcription. The authors looked at the pharmaceutical history of more than 4 million Norwegians over an 11-year period and found a reduced risk of PD among those that were taking one of the β2AR agonists for other medical problems. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="891" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaf3934">891</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="869" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao2992">869</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>X-ray vision spies copper on the move</jats:title> <jats:p> Copper ions in zeolites help remove noxious nitrogen oxides from diesel exhaust by catalyzing their reaction with ammonia and oxygen. Paolucci <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that these copper ions may move about during the reaction (see the Perspective by Janssens and Vennestrom). Zeolite catalysts generally fix metals in place while the reacting partners flow in and out of their cagelike structures. In this case, though, x-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested that the ammonia was mobilizing the copper ions to pair up as they activated oxygen during the catalytic cycle. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="898" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aan5630">898</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="866" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao2442">866</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Algal enzyme driven by blue light</jats:title> <jats:p> Microalgae make hydrocarbons. In searching for the enzyme responsible, Sorigué <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found a glucose-methanolcholine oxidoreductase (see the Perspective by Scrutton). Expression of the enzyme in <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> showed that hydrocarbon production requires visible light. In fact, the enzyme requires a constant input of blue photons to carry out its catalytic reaction. A long hydrophobic tunnel in the enzyme stabilizes the fatty acid substrates in proximity to the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="903" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aan6349">903</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="872" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao4399">872</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Keeping all fluorines on the same side</jats:title> <jats:p> Carbon-fluorine bonds are highly polarized, and this effect is magnified when several of them reside on the same face of a saturated ring. However, most existing fluorination methods have difficulty consistently producing this all-cis mutual configuration. Wiesenfeldt <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a rhodium catalyst in nonpolar solvent to add hydrogens selectively to just one face of a wide variety of flat fluoroarene rings, pushing all fluorines toward the other face. The reaction also pushed fluorine toward the same face as nitrogen and oxygen in heterocycles such as indole and benzofuran. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="908" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao0270">908</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Light, fat, and commensals</jats:title> <jats:p> The gut microbiota facilitates energy harvest from food and transfers it into fat storage. Working in mice, Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that an epithelial cell circadian transcription factor, NFIL3, is involved in regulating body composition through lipid uptake. Flagellin and lipopolysaccharide produced by certain microbes tuned the amplitude of oscillation of NFIL3 through innate lymphoid cell (ILC3) signaling, STAT3, and the epithelial cell clock. Such interactions may help to explain why circadian clock disruptions in humans, arising from shift work or international travel, frequently track with metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="912" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aan0677">912</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Leaf size, climate, and energy balance</jats:title><jats:p>Why does plant leaf size increase at lower latitudes, as exemplified by the evolutionary success of species with very large leaves in the tropics? Wright<jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic>analyzed leaf data for 7670 plant species, along with climatic data, from 682 sites worldwide. Their findings reveal consistent patterns and explain why earlier predictions from energy balance theory had only limited success. The authors provide a fully quantitative explanation for the latitudinal gradient in leaf size, with implications for plant ecology and physiology, vegetation modeling, and paleobotany.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Science</jats:italic>, this issue p.<jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6354" page="917" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="357" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aal4760">917</jats:related-article></jats:p>