Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Feedback reduces opioid prescriptions</jats:title> <jats:p> Most people addicted to opioids began taking them because they were legally prescribed. Little attention has been paid to changing physicians' prescribing behavior. Using a randomized controlled trial format, Doctor <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> monitored the effect of notifying physicians who had a patient die of opioid overdose within 12 months of a prescription. The physicians received an injunction to prescribe safely from their county's medical examiner. This intervention led to reductions in high-intensity prescribing, reductions in the likelihood that an opioid-naïve patient received a prescription, and a reduction in overall cumulative opioid intake. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="588" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat4595">588</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Adaptive conflicts with the modern world</jats:title> <jats:p> Mammals evolved in terrestrial environments. Those that now live in the marine environment have had to adapt to the particular selective pressures that this environment imposes. Meyer <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> surveyed the genomes of several marine mammal species to identify regions of convergent change. Multiple losses of the <jats:italic>Paraoxonase 1</jats:italic> gene are evident in marine mammals, likely resulting from remodeling of lipid metabolism or antioxidant networks. The multiple occurrences of this loss of function across taxa indicate an evolutionary benefit. However, <jats:italic>Paraoxonase 1</jats:italic> is the primary mammalian defense against organophosphorus toxicity. Marine mammals may be at a great disadvantage in the Anthropocene if run-off of this agricultural product into the marine environment continues. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="591" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aap7714">591</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Pediatric and adult kidney tumors differ</jats:title> <jats:p> Understanding tumor origins and the similarities and differences between organ-specific cancers is important for determining treatment options. Young <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> generated more than 72,000 single-cell transcriptomes from healthy and cancerous human kidneys. From these data, they determined that Wilms tumor, a pediatric kidney cancer, originates from aberrant fetal cells, whereas adult kidney cancers are likely derived from a specific subtype of proximal convoluted tubular cell. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="594" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat1699">594</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Zipping up obesity</jats:title> <jats:p> Chylomicrons are specialized particles that carry dietary fats from the intestine to the bloodstream for absorption into the body. Lacteals are lymphatic vessels that act as the highway for chylomicron transport, but it is unclear how passage occurs. Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report that two endothelial cell receptors, neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1, also known as FLT1), are required to convert the entry spaces between lacteals from open junctions to closed, zipped structures (see the Perspective by McDonald). Mice that were fed a high-fat diet were subsequently rendered resistant to weight gain if NRP1 and FLT1 were inactivated. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="599" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aap9331">599</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="551" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau5583">551</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Going through a phase</jats:title> <jats:p> Neuronal communication at synapses relies on regulated neurotransmitter secretion. Neurotransmitters are stored in small vesicles that are organized in clusters within nerve terminals. On stimulation, the vesicles fuse with the presynaptic plasma membrane, but despite their tight packing, replacement synaptic vesicles are rapidly recruited. Vesicles newly reformed by membrane recycling randomly intermix with the clusters. Milovanovic <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that synapsin, an abundant synaptic vesicle–associated protein, organizes these vesicle clusters by liquid-liquid phase separation—like oil in water (see the Perspective by Boczek and Alberti). </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="604" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat5671">604</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="548" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau5477">548</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Visualizing a traveling wave of cell death</jats:title> <jats:p>When diffusion is too slow for communication over long distances, cells can use waves of chemical activity. By using fluorescent probes and microscopy, Cheng and Ferrell show that in frog eggs (which are very large cells), waves of apoptotic signals can be seen passing through the egg cytoplasm. The pathways that trigger cell death have positive feedback loops that lead to self-regenerating waves. The speed of the waves (∼30 micrometers per minute) is too fast to be explained by diffusion.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6402" page="607" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah4065">607</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>