Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>PCB—still a problem</jats:title> <jats:p> Until they were recognized as highly toxic and carcinogenic, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were once used widely. Their production was banned in the United States in 1978, though they are still produced globally and persist in the environment. Persistent organic compounds, like PCBs, magnify across trophic levels, and thus apex predators are particularly susceptible to their ill effects. Desforges <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> looked at the continuing impact of PCBs on one of the largest marine predators, the killer whale. Using globally available data, the authors found high concentrations of PCBs within killer whale tissues. These are likely to precipitate declines across killer whale populations, particularly those that feed at high trophic levels and are the closest to industrialized areas. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1373" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat1953">1373</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Hox code in segmentation and patterning</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Hox</jats:italic> genes encode conserved transcription factors that are best known for their role in governing anterior-posterior body patterning in diverse bilaterian animals. He <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a combination of CRISPR mutagenesis and short hairpin RNA–based gene knockdowns to interrogate <jats:italic>Hox</jats:italic> gene function in a cnidarian, the sea anemone <jats:italic>Nematostella vectensis</jats:italic> (see the Perspective by Arendt). Four homeobox-containing genes constitute a molecular network that coordinately controls the morphogenesis of radial endodermal segments and the patterning of tentacles. Thus, an ancient Hox code may have evolved to regulate both tissue segmentation and body patterning in the bilaterian-cnidarian common ancestor. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1377" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar8384">1377</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1310" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav0692">1310</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Single-cell chromatin and RNA analysis</jats:title> <jats:p> Single-cell analyses have begun to provide insight into the differences among and within the individual cells that make up a tissue or organism. However, technological barriers owing to the small amount of material present in each single cell have prevented parallel analyses. Cao <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> present sci-CAR, a pooled barcode method that jointly analyzes both the RNA transcripts and chromatin profiles of single cells. By applying sci-CAR to lung adenocarcinoma cells and mouse kidney tissue, the authors demonstrate precision in assessing expression and genome accessibility at a genome-wide scale. The approach provides an improvement over bulk analysis, which can be confounded by differing cellular subgroups. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1380" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau0730">1380</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>How cells ensure symmetric inheritance</jats:title> <jats:p> Parental histones with modifications are recycled to newly replicated DNA strands during genome replication, but do the two sister chromatids inherit modified histones equally? Yu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Petryk <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found in mouse and yeast, respectively, that modified histones are segregated to both DNA daughter strands in a largely symmetric manner (see the Perspective by Ahmad and Henikoff). However, the mechanisms ensuring this symmetric inheritance in yeast and mouse were different. Yeasts use subunits of DNA polymerase to prevent the lagging-strand bias of parental histones, whereas in mouse cells, the replicative helicase MCM2 counters the leading-strand bias. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1386" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat8849">1386</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1389" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau0294">1389</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1311" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav0871">1311</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>How cells ensure symmetric inheritance</jats:title> <jats:p> Parental histones with modifications are recycled to newly replicated DNA strands during genome replication, but do the two sister chromatids inherit modified histones equally? Yu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Petryk <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found in mouse and yeast, respectively, that modified histones are segregated to both DNA daughter strands in a largely symmetric manner (see the Perspective by Ahmad and Henikoff). However, the mechanisms ensuring this symmetric inheritance in yeast and mouse were different. Yeasts use subunits of DNA polymerase to prevent the lagging-strand bias of parental histones, whereas in mouse cells, the replicative helicase MCM2 counters the leading-strand bias. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1386" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat8849">1386</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1389" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau0294">1389</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6409" page="1311" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="361" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav0871">1311</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>While it's commonplace to test for liver and kidney function before prescribing certain drugs, that's not so much the case when it comes to testing for how drugs might interact with our genes—even though a variant gene can pose as much risk as compromised hepatic or renal function.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Antibodies are an essential tool in many modern biology laboratories. To get the most out of these precious reagents, but sure to follow the tips listed in this handy infographic.</jats:p> <jats:p> This special supplement brought to you by the <jats:bold>Science</jats:bold> /AAAS Custom Publishing Office. </jats:p>