Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:p> Slimak <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . challenge the reliability of our oldest (&gt;65,000 years) U-Th dates on carbonates associated with cave paintings in Spain. They cite a supposed lack of parietal art for the 25,000 years following this date, along with potential methodological issues relating to open-system behavior and corrections to detrital or source water <jats:sup>230</jats:sup> Th. We show that their criticisms are unfounded. </jats:p>

<jats:title>From DNA unwrapping to histone exchange</jats:title> <jats:p> The yeast SWR1 complex, a member of the INO80 family of nucleosome remodelers, exchanges the H2A-H2B histone dimer for the Htz1 variant–containing dimer. Unlike all other remodelers, SWR1 does not translocate the nucleosome. Willhoft <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> applied structural and single-molecule analyses to show that the interaction between SWR1 and the nucleosome destabilizes the DNA wrapped around the histone core. This SWR1-catalyzed partial unwrapping of the DNA was regulated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding but did not require ATP hydrolysis. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat7716">eaat7716</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A way to prevent deadly interaction</jats:title> <jats:p> Many metazoan proteins form oligomers, which is often mediated by modular domains such as BTB domains. Mena <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now describe a quality control pathway they term dimerization quality control (DQC) (see the Perspective by Herhaus and Dikic). DQC monitors and prevents aberrant dimerization of BTB domain–containing proteins. The system relies on FBXL17, an adaptor protein that recruits an E3 ligase that specifically ubiquitylates nonfunctional BTB heterodimers, triggering their degradation. FBXL17 accesses a degradation signal at the BTB dimer interface in nonphysiological, nonfunctional complexes. The loss of DQC from <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis</jats:italic> embryos leads to lethal neurodevelopmental defects. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aap8236">eaap8236</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6411" page="151" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav1391">151</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Mining immunotherapy clinical trials</jats:title> <jats:p> Clinical trial data can provide a wealth of information about how drugs work. Yet such information often belongs to pharmaceutical companies and is rarely accessible to the scientific community at large. Cristescu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> provide exploratory analysis of a cancer genomics dataset, collected from four separate clinical trials of Merck's PD-1 immunotherapy drug, pembrolizumab. This informative public resource examines more than 300 patient samples representing 22 different tumor types. Two widely used signatures that currently predict immunotherapy response are tumor mutational burden and a “hot” T cell–inflamed microenvironment. The study analyzed these two proposed biomarkers in combination to see what predictive clinical utility they may hold. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar3593">eaar3593</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Thyroid hormone in color vision development</jats:title> <jats:p> Cone photoreceptors in the eye enable color vision, responding to different wavelengths of light according to what opsin pigments they express. Eldred <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied organoids that recapitulate the development of the human retina and found that differentiation of cone cells into their tuned subtypes was regulated by thyroid hormone. Cones expressing short-wavelength (S) opsin developed first, and cones expressing long- and medium-wavelength (L/M) opsin developed later. The switch toward development of L/M cones depended on thyroid hormone signaling through the nuclear thyroid hormone receptor. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau6348">eaau6348</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>Last month, Tokyo Medical University (TMU) announced Yukiko Hayashi as its first female president. This comes on the heels of discovering that the insitution had manipulated entrance exam scores for many years to curb female enrollment. Hayashi may be an attempt by TMU to restore its reputation, but the scandal should be a wake-up call for Japanese society to ensure that men and women have equal opportunities to succeed.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Prosecutors charge Gran Sasso chiefs after chemical spills put spotlight on water safety.</jats:p>

<jats:p>2020 rover could start with a river delta in Jezero crater.</jats:p>