Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Quantum outperforms classical</jats:title> <jats:p> Quantum computers are expected to be better at solving certain computational problems than classical computers. This expectation is based on (well-founded) conjectures in computational complexity theory, but rigorous comparisons between the capabilities of quantum and classical algorithms are difficult to perform. Bravyi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> proved theoretically that whereas the number of “steps” needed by parallel quantum circuits to solve certain linear algebra problems was independent of the problem size, this number grew logarithmically with size for analogous classical circuits (see the Perspective by Montanaro). This so-called quantum advantage stems from the quantum correlations present in quantum circuits that cannot be reproduced in analogous classical circuits. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6412" page="308" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar3106">308</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6412" page="289" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau9555">289</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Carbon nanotubes help nickel work in water</jats:title> <jats:p> Most synthetic chemistry takes place in hydrocarbon-derived solvents. By contrast, enzymes manage to perform exquisitely selective reactions in water, often by surrounding reactants with hydrophobic pockets. Kitanosono <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that single-walled carbon nanotubes can similarly render simple nickel catalysts effective in water. Integration of the nickel ions with chiral ligands and surfactants at the nanotube surface produces a highly enantioselective catalyst for nitrone formation from aldoximes and unsaturated ketones. Spectroscopy suggests that the nanotubes enhance electron density at the nickel center as well as provide a hydrophobic milieu. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6412" page="311" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aap7883">311</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Painting on the cool</jats:title> <jats:p> Passive radiative cooling materials emit heat. They can reduce the need for air conditioning by providing daytime cooling but are often challenging to apply to rooftops and other building surfaces. Mandal <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> fabricated porous poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) to create an excellent radiative cooling material. Better yet, the polymer is easy to paint or spray onto a wide range of surfaces, has good durability, and can even be dyed. This makes it a promising candidate for widespread use as a high-performance passive radiative cooling material. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6412" page="315" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat9513">315</jats:related-article> </jats:p>