Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>The mutational burden of aging</jats:title> <jats:p> As people age, they accumulate somatic mutations in healthy cells. About 25% of cells in normal, sun-exposed skin harbor cancer driver mutations. What about tissues not exposed to powerful mutagens like ultraviolet light? Martincorena <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> performed targeted gene sequencing of normal esophageal epithelium from nine human donors of varying age (see the Perspective by Chanock). The mutation rate was lower in esophagus than in skin, but there was a strong positive selection of clones carrying mutations in 14 cancer-associated genes. By middle age, more than half of the esophageal epithelium was colonized by mutant clones. Interestingly, mutations in the cancer driver gene <jats:italic>NOTCH1</jats:italic> were more common in normal esophageal epithelium than in esophageal cancer. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="911" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau3879">911</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="893" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav5697">893</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Bridging the mass gap</jats:title> <jats:p> Viruses and many large biomolecule complexes are in a mass range that is challenging to measure with conventional mass spectrometry methods. Nanomechanical resonators can determine masses of impacting molecules, but separation methods often lose too much of the sample to be efficient. Dominguez-Medina <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used an aerodynamic lens that improved separation and focusing of nebulized molecules with increasing mass. The mass of both filled and empty viral capsids was determined with an array of 20 nanoresonators. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="918" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat6457">918</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A monolayer of many talents</jats:title> <jats:p> Superconductors with a topologically nontrivial band structure have been predicted to exhibit exotic properties. However, such materials are few and far between. Now, two groups show that the monolayer of the material tungsten ditelluride (WTe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> )—already known to be a two-dimensional topological insulator—can also go superconducting. Fatemi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Sajadi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> varied the carrier density in the monolayer by applying a gate voltage and observed a transition from a topological to a superconducting phase. The findings may lead to the fabrication of devices in which local gating enables topological and superconducting phases to exist in the same material. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="926" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar4642">926</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="922" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar4426">922</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A monolayer of many talents</jats:title> <jats:p> Superconductors with a topologically nontrivial band structure have been predicted to exhibit exotic properties. However, such materials are few and far between. Now, two groups show that the monolayer of the material tungsten ditelluride (WTe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> )—already known to be a two-dimensional topological insulator—can also go superconducting. Fatemi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Sajadi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> varied the carrier density in the monolayer by applying a gate voltage and observed a transition from a topological to a superconducting phase. The findings may lead to the fabrication of devices in which local gating enables topological and superconducting phases to exist in the same material. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="926" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar4642">926</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="922" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar4426">922</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A messy topological wire</jats:title> <jats:p> Adding irregularity to a system can lead to a transition from a more orderly to a less orderly phase. Meier <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> demonstrated a counterintuitive transition in the opposite direction: Controlled fluctuations in the system's parameters caused it to become topologically nontrivial. The starting point was a one-dimensional lattice of ultracold rubidium atoms in momentum space whose band structure was topologically trivial. The researchers then introduced fluctuations in the tunneling between the lattice sites and monitored the atomic “wires” as the amplitude of the fluctuations increased. The wires first became topologically nontrivial and then went back to trivial for sufficient disorder strengths. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6417" page="929" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat3406">929</jats:related-article> </jats:p>