Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Bennu ejects material from its surface</jats:title> <jats:p> Most asteroids appear inert, but remote observations show that a small number experience mass loss from their surfaces. Lauretta and Hergenrother <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> describe close-range observations of mass loss on the near-Earth asteroid Bennu (see the Perspective by Agarwal). Shortly after arriving at Bennu, navigation cameras on the OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security—Regolith Explorer) spacecraft detected objects 1 to 10 centimeters in diameter moving above the surface. Analysis of the objects' trajectories showed that they originated in discrete ejection events from otherwise unremarkable locations on Bennu. Some objects remained in orbit for several days, whereas others escaped into interplanetary space. The authors suggest multiple plausible mechanisms that could underlie this activity. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay3544">eaay3544</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6470" page="1192" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz7129">1192</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Engineering better bnAbs</jats:title> <jats:p> A highly effective HIV vaccine has been the goal of vaccinologists for nearly 35 years. A successful vaccine would need to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that are capable of neutralizing multiple HIV strains (see the Perspective by Agazio and Torres). Steichen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report a strategy in which the first vaccine shot can lead to immune responses that generate desired bnAbs. By combining knowledge of human antibody repertoires and structure to guide design, they validated candidate immunogens through functional preclinical testing. Saunders <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> designed immunogens with differences in binding strength for bnAb precursors, which enabled selection of rare mutations after immunization. The immunogens promoted bnAb precursor maturation in humanized mice and macaques. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax4380">eaax4380</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay7199">eaay7199</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6470" page="1197" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz8647">1197</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Engineering better bnAbs</jats:title> <jats:p> A highly effective HIV vaccine has been the goal of vaccinologists for nearly 35 years. A successful vaccine would need to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that are capable of neutralizing multiple HIV strains (see the Perspective by Agazio and Torres). Steichen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report a strategy in which the first vaccine shot can lead to immune responses that generate desired bnAbs. By combining knowledge of human antibody repertoires and structure to guide design, they validated candidate immunogens through functional preclinical testing. Saunders <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> designed immunogens with differences in binding strength for bnAb precursors, which enabled selection of rare mutations after immunization. The immunogens promoted bnAb precursor maturation in humanized mice and macaques. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax4380">eaax4380</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay7199">eaay7199</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6470" page="1197" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz8647">1197</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Caldera collapse and flank eruption</jats:title> <jats:p> Real-time monitoring of volcanic eruptions involving caldera-forming events are rare (see the Perspective by Sigmundsson). Anderson <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used several types of geophysical observations to track the caldera-forming collapse at the top of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, during the 2018 eruption. Gansecki <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used near–real-time lava composition analysis to determine when magma shifted from highly viscous, slow-moving lava to low-viscosity, fast-moving lava. Patrick <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a range of geophysical tools to connect processes at the summit to lava rates coming out of far-away fissures. Together, the three studies improve caldera-collapse models and may help improve real-time hazard responses. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz0147">eaaz0147</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay9070">eaay9070</jats:related-article> ; p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz1822">eaaz1822</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6470" page="1200" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz7126">1200</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>Your information will be kept confidential, and the lessons learned from your participation will serve society—those are the promises made by researchers to participants in studies designed to inform environmental policies, from clean water and air to chemical exposure limits. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may well break this fundamental pact next year, putting the agency at odds with its very mission “to protect human health and the environment.” Hopefully, the EPA will realize that this would jeopardize regulations that keep the environment safe to live in, and correct course back to sound policy-making.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Budget hike for ESA's Copernicus program advances satellites to monitor Paris accord cuts.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Government wants evidence of effectiveness before adding folic acid to ubiquitous dietary staple.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers applaud plan but worry about agency's small budget and potential political interference.</jats:p>