Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Bromodomain inhibitors revisited</jats:title> <jats:p> Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer and immune diseases through their effects on transcriptional regulation. BET proteins contain two nearly identical bromodomains, BD1 and BD2, structural modules that have attracted great interest as targets for drug development. First-generation drugs that inhibited both BD1 and BD2 showed promising therapeutic activity in preclinical models but proved to be less efficacious in clinical trials. Gilan <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> took a different approach and designed drugs that selectively inhibited BD1 or BD2 (see the Perspective by Filippakopoulos and Knapp). They found that BD1 and BD2 inhibitors altered gene expression in different ways and that BD2 inhibitors had greater therapeutic activity than BD1 inhibitors in preclinical models of inflammation and autoimmune disease. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="387" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz8455">387</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="367" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb5060">367</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Outbreak to pandemic</jats:title> <jats:p> In response to global dispersion of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), quarantine measures have been implemented around the world. To understand how travel and quarantine influence the dynamics of the spread of this novel human virus, Chinazzi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> applied a global metapopulation disease transmission model to epidemiological data from China. They concluded that the travel quarantine introduced in Wuhan on 23 January 2020 only delayed epidemic progression by 3 to 5 days within China, but international travel restrictions did help to slow spread elsewhere in the world until mid-February. Their results suggest that early detection, hand washing, self-isolation, and household quarantine will likely be more effective than travel restrictions at mitigating this pandemic. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="395" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba9757">395</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A public health catch-22</jats:title> <jats:p> In 2016, the serotype 2 component of the oral poliovirus vaccine given to children was withdrawn. This measure was taken to prevent vaccine-associated disease outbreaks caused by mutation in the live attenuated vaccine. Children around the world now have poor immunity to serotype 2 poliovirus because the inactivated vaccine is far less effective and a new oral vaccine is not yet ready. Using a statistical model, Macklin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> discovered that most current outbreaks of polio in several countries across Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are likely associated with the serotype 2 vaccine strain (see the Perspective by Donlan and Petri). To block transmission when poliovirus outbreaks occur requires deployment of the only tool in the box: the existing live attenuated serotype 2 oral vaccine, which increases the risk of vaccine-derived disease. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="401" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba1238">401</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="362" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb8588">362</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Explaining super-rotation on Venus</jats:title> <jats:p> The solid surface of Venus rotates very slowly, once every 243 days, but its thick atmosphere circles the planet in just 4 days. This phenomenon, known as super-rotation, requires a continuous input of angular momentum, from an unknown source, to overcome friction with the surface. Horinouchi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> mapped the planet's winds using ultraviolet observations of Venus' clouds from the orbiting Akatsuki spacecraft (see the Perspective by Lebonnois). They incorporated these data into a global model of angular momentum transport in the atmosphere, finding that the super-rotation is maintained through thermal tides driven by solar heating. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="405" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz4439">405</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="363" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb2424">363</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Targeting a key enzyme in SARS-CoV-2</jats:title> <jats:p> Scientists across the world are working to understand severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> determined the x-ray crystal structure of a key protein in the virus' life cycle: the main protease. This enzyme cuts the polyproteins translated from viral RNA to yield functional viral proteins. The authors also developed a lead compound into a potent inhibitor and obtained a structure with the inhibitor bound, work that may provide a basis for development of anticoronaviral drugs. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6489" page="409" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb3405">409</jats:related-article> </jats:p>