Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Equal opportunity tissue regeneration</jats:title> <jats:p> Tissue regeneration is thought to be driven primarily by rare stem cells with distinctive properties. Single-cell RNA sequencing allows rigorous testing of this hypothesis. Karthaus <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> examined the regeneration of normal prostate tissue in mice after androgen ablation, a common treatment for prostate cancer (see the Perspective by Kelly). Unexpectedly, they found that in addition to rare stem cells, a large population of differentiated cells was a major contributor to prostate regeneration, a result that they confirmed in a study of human prostate tissue. Investigation of the molecular mechanism by which the differentiated cells acquired regenerative potential yielded insights that could potentially lead to improved therapies for prostate cancer. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="497" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay0267">497</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="467" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb7052">467</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Testing the chiral anomaly</jats:title> <jats:p> Pi mesons, also known as pions, consist of a quark and an antiquark and are extremely unstable. Neutral pions have a lifetime of only ∼80 attoseconds, decaying into two photons. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of quarks and gluons, predicts this decay and the associated lifetime using the mechanism of broken chiral symmetry—the so-called chiral anomaly. Measuring the lifetime to high precision then provides a benchmark for theories that aim to improve on this original prediction. Larin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> measured this lifetime with an uncertainty that was half that of the previous most precise result (see the Perspective by Meyer). The measured value was consistent with the original QCD prediction and less consistent with other theoretical approaches. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="506" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay6641">506</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="469" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba8063">469</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Nanowire-based THz detection</jats:title> <jats:p> Terahertz (THz) radiation is an interesting region of the electromagnetic spectrum lying between microwaves and infrared. Non-ionizing and transparent to most fabrics, it is finding application in security screening and imaging but is also being developed for communication and chemical sensing. To date, most THz detectors have focused just on signal intensity, an effort that discards half the signal in terms of the full optical state, including polarization. Peng <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed a THz detector based on crossed nanowires (arranged in a hash structure) that is capable of resolving the full state of the THz light. The approach provides a nanophotonic platform for the further development of THz-based technologies. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="510" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb0924">510</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A water boost for methanol synthesis</jats:title> <jats:p> Model catalysts based on metals and metal oxides can dissociate methane (CH <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> ) at room temperature, converting it directly to methanol (CH <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> OH). Liu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that for one of these catalysts, an “inverted” CeO <jats:sub> <jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub> -Cu <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> O oxide on Cu(111), water tunes the selectivity from forming CO and CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> to forming surface CH <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> O groups, as revealed by ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Theoretical modeling showed that adsorbed water blocks O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> dissociation and O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> instead oxidizes the reduced catalyst. Hydroxyl groups from water generate the CH <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> O species from dissociated CH <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> , and water then goes on to form and displace CH <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> OH to the gas phase. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="513" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba5005">513</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Activity levels of Sun-like stars</jats:title> <jats:p> Magnetic activity on the Sun leads to solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other space weather that affects Earth. Similar activity on other stars may determine the habitability of any orbiting exoplanets. Reinhold <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed brightness variations of stars observed with the Kepler and Gaia space telescopes to infer their activity levels (see the Perspective by Santos and Mathur). They found that the Sun was less active than most of the 369 solar-type stars in their sample (those with the most similar physical properties). It remains unclear whether the Sun is permanently less active than other stars of its type or if its activity levels vary over many thousands or millions of years. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="518" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay3821">518</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="466" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb9208">466</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Speedy ceramic sintering</jats:title> <jats:p> Synthesizing ceramics can require heating for long times at high temperatures, making the screening of high-through-put materials challenging. C. Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed a new ceramic-sintering technique that uses resistive heating of thin carbon strips to ramp up and ramp down temperature quickly. This method allows for the quick synthesis of a wide variety of ceramics while mitigating the loss of volatile elements. Ultrafast sintering is ideal for synthesizing many compositions to screen for ideal properties for a variety of applications, including the development of new solid-state electrolytes. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="521" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz7681">521</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Retinal ganglion cells that release GABA</jats:title> <jats:p> Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) communicate light signals from the retina to the brain and were previously considered to signal exclusively through release of excitatory neurotransmitters. There have been earlier hints of RGCs producing the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but the specific cells have never been identified and their function was entirely unknown. Sonoda <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that a subpopulation of intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) releases GABA (see the Perspective by Ding and Wei). Removal of GABA signaling from ipRGCs led to an increased light sensitivity of the pupillary light reflex and of circadian photoentrainment. GABA release thus moved the dynamic range of these non–image-forming behaviors to bright light intensities. These results explain why these behaviors are so much less sensitive to environmental lighting conditions than conscious visual perception. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="527" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay3152">527</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="471" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb7529">471</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>An unexpected order</jats:title> <jats:p> The phase diagram of cuprate superconductors, in addition to superconductivity, contains many ordered states such as antiferromagnetism, charge density waves, and nematicity. Sarkar <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that ferromagnetism should be added to this list. Studying thin films of La <jats:sub> 2− <jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub> Ce <jats:sub> <jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub> CuO <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> at high dopings, past the point at which superconductivity disappears, the researchers found signatures of ferromagnetism in both the transport and optical properties of the films. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="532" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax1581">532</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Pairs on the edge</jats:title> <jats:p> Many materials with topologically nontrivial band structures are characterized by currents that run around the edge of the sample and typically consist of single excitations. It is an open question whether a topological material that is also a superconductor can support an edge current that consists of paired excitations. W. Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied the Weyl superconductor molybdenum ditelluride and, using systematic transport measurements in the presence of a magnetic field, revealed the signatures of an edge supercurrent. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6490" page="534" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw9270">534</jats:related-article> </jats:p>