Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Alternative route to a 2D superconductor</jats:title> <jats:p> Single layers of transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit exotic properties, including superconductivity. The usual route to obtaining such samples is to exfoliate a three-dimensional (3D) crystal. Devarakonda <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> instead grew a superlattice comprising alternating layers of the transition metal dichalcogenide hexagonal NbS <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and the material Ba <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> NbS <jats:sub>5</jats:sub> (see the Perspective by Schoop). The inert Ba <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> NbS <jats:sub>5</jats:sub> layers serve to dissociate the superconducting NbS <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> layers from one another, resulting in 2D superconductivity with high carrier mobility. The combination of high mobility and reduced dimensionality may give rise to exotic quantum phases. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="231" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz6643">231</jats:related-article> see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="170" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abd4225">170</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Immunity after the flu shot</jats:title> <jats:p> The seasonal flu shot is currently recommended each year because the influenza viral strains in circulation are continuously changing and because the antibody responses produced by the vaccine decline over time. In a human study of healthy volunteers, Davis <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> tracked antibody responses after flu vaccination. They investigated whether the vaccine led to the generation of antibody-secreting plasma cells in the bone marrow, a lymphoid organ that supports the survival of these cells for years. Although vaccination did generate influenza-specific cells, most were short-lived and lost within 1 year. The fact that a small number did persist over 1 year raises prospects that the longevity of flu vaccines can be improved and provides key information for the development of universal vaccines against influenza. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="237" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz8432">237</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>The CIITAdel keeps viruses at bay</jats:title> <jats:p> A better understanding of cellular mechanisms involved in viral resistance is needed for the next generation of antiviral therapies. Bruchez <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a transposon-mediated gene-activation screen to search for previously unreported host restriction factors for Ebola virus (see the Perspective by Wells and Coyne). The authors found that a transcription factor, major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator (CIITA), induces resistance in human cell lines by directing the expression of the p41 isoform of the invariant chain (CD74). CD74 p41 then disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. CD74 p41 can also stymie the endosomal entry of coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This work should inform future treatments against cathepsin-dependent viruses such as filoviruses and coronaviruses. Additionally, the screening strategy used may serve as a blueprint for uncovering resistance mechanisms against other dangerous pathogens. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="241" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb3753">241</jats:related-article> see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="167" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abe2977">167</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Representing the past and the future</jats:title> <jats:p> Adaptive behavior requires the ability to analyze experience both prospectively and retrospectively. How can forward-ordered neural activity facilitate the storage or expression of reverse-ordered sequences? Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used multitetrode recordings from many individual hippocampal CA1 neurons in rats while simultaneously recording field potentials expressing theta oscillations. Spatial representation in the place cell network oscillated between forward and backward sweeps within each theta oscillation. Backward replay was associated with theta peaks, whereas forward replay was associated with theta troughs. Most cells fell into one category, but some corresponding to deep-layer neurons showed bimodular responses. Backward replay was driven by entorhinal inputs, whereas forward replay was evoked by CA3 inputs. These are important insights into the underlying basis of coding future and past experiences. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6513" page="247" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb4151">247</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>Microbiomics goes meta: Scientists are using the DNA of all the microbes in entire ecosystems to sequence and identify new bacteria, viruses, and fungi.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>

<jats:p>In this annual update to our series on kidney disease, the focus is on diabetes as a comorbidity as well as other factors impacting kidney health. Recent advances in understanding and treating diabetic kidney disease hold some hope that clinicians are making headway in its management. Likewise, recent research is advancing theories on the positive effect of diet and metabolism on hypertension and the modulation of its effect on the kidney. Overall, there is much to be optimistic about as researchers continue to shed light on the growing, global problem of kidney disease.</jats:p> <jats:p> This special supplement brought to you by the <jats:bold>Science</jats:bold> /AAAS Custom Publishing Office. </jats:p>