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<jats:p>In Uganda, agricultural research is improving food security for some, but not all farmers are prospering.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Getting more crop per drop, particularly in areas where water could become scarcer due to climate change, will be essential to achieving food security worldwide, scientists say.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Soil scientists are showing farmers that reducing fertilizer use can improve crop yields without adding to environmental problems.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers' wish list includes traits that could boost plant productivity. New technologies are needed to make some of these advances possible.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers are working hard on countermeasures to the fungi, weeds, and viruses that are among the more serious biological threats to food security.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Rodent losses are a perennial problem worldwide. Agriculture agencies across Asia are now spreading the word about some relatively simple rat countermeasures.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Mold spoils some 10% of the world's annual harvests, and many fungi produce poisonous chemicals that can accumulate in human tissues. Mycologists are studying possible solutions to drive out toxin-producing strains.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Nothing is currently having a more profound effect on farmers in the developing world than telecommunications networks. Cell phones and expanding broadband Internet coverage are helping farmers boost yields by disseminating information.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers have been taking a close look at just how much energy it takes to produce even seemingly similar foods. The conclusion: Food choices can have a significant impact on energy use in agriculture.</jats:p>

<jats:p>If people in the developed world ate less meat, it would free up a lot of plants to feed billions of hungry people and gain a lot of good farmland. Some food-security researchers, however, are skeptical; they say the complexities of global markets and human food traditions could also produce some counterintuitive—and possibly counterproductive—results.</jats:p>