Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>A cross-kingdom tale of drug resistance</jats:title> <jats:p> Physicians who treat bacterial infections and those who treat cancer often face a common challenge: the development of drug resistance. It is well known that when bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, they temporarily increase their mutation rate, thus increasing the chance that a descendant antibiotic-resistant cell will arise. Russo <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now provide evidence that cancer cells exploit a similar mechanism to ensure their survival after drug exposure (see the Perspective by Gerlinger). They found that human colorectal cancer cells treated with certain targeted therapies display a transient up-regulation of errorprone DNA polymerases and a reduction in their ability to repair DNA damage. Thus, like bacteria, cancer cells can adapt to therapeutic pressure by enhancing their mutability. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1473" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav4474">1473</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1458" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba1748">1458</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Following vortices around</jats:title> <jats:p> When stirred, superfluids react by creating quantized vortices. Studying the dynamics of these vortices, especially in the strongly interacting regime, is technically challenging. Sachkou <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed a technique for the nondestructive tracking of vortices in thin films of superfluid helium-4. Their system contained a microtoroid optical cavity coated by a thin film of helium-4, in which vortices were created by using laser light. When imaging the subsequent dynamics of the vortices, the researchers found that coherent dynamics strongly dominated over dissipation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1480" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw9229">1480</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Hyperexcitable neurons in brain organoids</jats:title> <jats:p> Individuals with Angelman syndrome experience intellectual disability and seizures throughout their lives. In this condition, ubiquitin-mediated degradation of a key potassium channel is disrupted, allowing for the neuronal excitability and network synchronization that leads to seizure. Sun <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used brain organoid technology to study what happens in human neurons with a mutation in a ubiquitin ligase that is implicated in Angelman syndrome. In these in vitro models and in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome, antagonists for the potassium channel normalized neuronal excitability. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1486" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav5386">1486</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Probing polycrystals' stress</jats:title> <jats:p> The way that a polycrystalline material deforms is in part determined by internal stresses between and within crystal grains. Hayashi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed an x-ray method for mapping the intragranular stresses in a polycrystalline material. They found surprisingly large stresses, which are important for the fundamental understanding of how these materials will fail. This method will work for other materials and provides important information for multiscale deformation modeling. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1492" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax9167">1492</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Chirality by dissipation</jats:title> <jats:p> Quantum many-body systems can display exotic dynamics in the presence of dissipation. Dogra <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied such dynamics in a system consisting of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate located in an optical cavity and exposed to a standing wave of laser light. Light scattering off the atomic cloud and into the cavity resulted in two distinct, spatially patterned collective modes for the atoms. When the researchers then introduced dissipation to couple the two modes, the system followed a directed circular path through phase space, rotating between the modes. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1496" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw4465">1496</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Redox catalysis in a ball mill</jats:title> <jats:p> Mixing solid reactants in a ball mill is a promising means of avoiding the copious solvent waste associated with most chemical syntheses. Kubota <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now report that adding a piezoelectric catalyst to the mix can promote bond formation through apparent electron transfer cycles (see the Perspective by Xia and Wang). Specifically, barium titanate activates aryl diazonium salts toward borylation and coupling with heterocycles in a manner reminiscent of solutionphase photoredox catalysis. The reactions are insensitive to air and were demonstrated up to gram scale. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1500" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay8224">1500</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1451" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz9758">1451</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A patterned look into a mysterious phase</jats:title> <jats:p> A thin superconducting film can become insulating by, for example, exposure to a sufficiently large magnetic field. In between the superconducting and insulating regimes, an intermediate metallic state has been observed whose nature remains unresolved. To study the superconductor–metal insulator transition, C. Yang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> patterned a film of the high-temperature superconductor yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) into a network of triangular superconducting islands connected by bridges (see the Perspective by Phillips). The reactive ion-etching process used for patterning reduced the quality of the film in a controlled manner. By increasing the etching time, the film's transport properties could be tuned from superconducting, through metallic, to insulating. The metallic phase exhibited a bosonic character. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1505" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax5798">1505</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6472" page="1450" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="366" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz9902">1450</jats:related-article> </jats:p>