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<jats:title>Recombination: The birds and the yeast</jats:title> <jats:p> Apes and mice have a specific gene, <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , that is associated with genomic regions with high rates of recombination, called hotspots. In species with <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , hotspots move rapidly within the genome, varying among populations and closely related species (see the Perspective by Lichten). To investigate recombination hotspots in species lacking <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , Singhal <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> examined bird genomes, which lack a <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> gene. They looked closely at the genomes of finch species and found that recombination was localized to the promoter regions of genes and highly conserved over millions of years. Similarly, Lam and Keeney examined recombination localization within yeast, which also lacks <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> . They found a similar more-or-less fixed pattern of hotspots. Thus, recombination in species lacking a <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> gene shows similar patterns of hotspot localization and evolution. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="913" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad5404">913</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="928" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad0843">928</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="932" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad0814">932</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Recombination: The birds and the yeast</jats:title> <jats:p> Apes and mice have a specific gene, <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , that is associated with genomic regions with high rates of recombination, called hotspots. In species with <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , hotspots move rapidly within the genome, varying among populations and closely related species (see the Perspective by Lichten). To investigate recombination hotspots in species lacking <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> , Singhal <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> examined bird genomes, which lack a <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> gene. They looked closely at the genomes of finch species and found that recombination was localized to the promoter regions of genes and highly conserved over millions of years. Similarly, Lam and Keeney examined recombination localization within yeast, which also lacks <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> . They found a similar more-or-less fixed pattern of hotspots. Thus, recombination in species lacking a <jats:italic>PRDM9</jats:italic> gene shows similar patterns of hotspot localization and evolution. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="913" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad5404">913</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="928" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad0843">928</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="932" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad0814">932</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A concentrated effort for battery safety</jats:title> <jats:p> Aqueous electrolytes are limited to run below 1.23 V to avoid degradation. Suo <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> smash through this limit with an aqueous salt solution containing lithium (Li) bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide to create an electrolyte that has an electrochemical window of 3 V (see the Perspective by Smith and Dunn). They used extremely high-concentration solutions, which suppressed hydrogen evolution and electrode oxidation. At these concentrations, the Li solvation shell changes because there simply is not enough water to neutralize the Li <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> charge. Thus, flammable organic electrolytes could potentially be replaced with a safer aqueous alternative. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="938" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aab1595">938</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="918" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad5575">918</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Perovskites go large</jats:title> <jats:p> Solar cells made of planar organic-inorganic perovskites now have reported efficiencies exceeding 20%. However, these values have been determined from small illuminated areas. Chen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used highly doped inorganic charge extraction layers to make solar cells on the 1 cm <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> scale (see the Perspective by Sessolo and Bolink). The layers helped to protect the active layer from degradation by air. The cells achieved governmentlab–certified efficiencies of &gt;15%. Furthermore, 90% of the efficiency was maintained after 1000 hours of operation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="944" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad1015">944</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="917" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad5891">917</jats:related-article> </jats:p>