Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Discerning charge patterns in a cuprate</jats:title> <jats:p> Copper oxides are well known to be able to achieve the order required for superconductivity. They can also achieve another order—one that produces patterns in their charge density. Experiments using nuclear magnetic resonanceand resonant x-ray scattering have both detected this so-called charge density wave (CDW) in yttrium-based cuprates. However, the nature of the CDW appeared to be different in the two types of measurement. Gerber <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used pulsed magnetic fields of up to 28 T, combined with scattering, to bridge the gap (see the Perspective by Julien). As the magnetic field increased, a two-dimensional CDW gave way to a three-dimensional one. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="949" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac6257">949</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="914" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad3279">914</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A set of strong eyes</jats:title> <jats:p> Although many biological tissues serve more than one purpose, rarely are they optimized to do multiple tasks well. When you try to optimize for one functionality, it comes at the expense of another. Li <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated the biomineralized armor of the small mollusc chiton <jats:italic>Acanthopleura granulata</jats:italic> . The armor appears to be optimized for both mechanical strength and for image capture by hundreds of integral aragonite-based lenses. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="952" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad1246">952</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Neurons that regulate sleep stages</jats:title> <jats:p> Just what sleep is for remains a bit of a mystery. During sleep, we switch several times between so-called rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep. Hayashi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used sophisticated developmental cell fate mapping to look at the neurons involved in the two types of sleep in mice (see the Perspective by Vyazovskiy). They identified a genetically marked population of neurons that promote non-REM sleep at the expense of REM sleep. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="957" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad1023">957</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="909" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad6489">909</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>No going back</jats:title> <jats:p> The mammalian spinal cord coordinates neuronal systems across the body. Axons that cross the spinal cord midline during development first need permission to cross and then instruction not to keep crossing back and forth. Jaworski <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied the axonal guidance receptor ROBO3 and found a ligand NELL2 in mice that appears to help in this process. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="961" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad2615">961</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Disappearing act</jats:title> <jats:p> Unlike coastal regions and reefs, the open ocean is mostly empty. Many fish species, nonetheless, spend most of their lives there. Such emptiness makes camouflage exceedingly difficult, so how does an organism hide in water filled with bouncing and reflected light? Brady <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that some families of fish have evolved skin that reflects and polarizes light, allowing them to blend into their mirrorlike conditions more easily. These results help to explain the silvery coloration found in sea-living fish across the world's oceans. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="965" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad5284">965</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Parasitic worms influence human fecundity</jats:title> <jats:p> Parasitic worms infect 2 billion people globally. Mostly, such infections are symptomless and individual worm burdens are low. Blackwell <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> monitored the fecundity of Tsimane women in Bolivia. These women have on average of 10 children in their lifetimes. However, if they had successive hookworm infections, lifetime births dropped to 7. Surprisingly, if the women were chronically infested with roundworm, they had as many as 12 children. These effects may relate to the balance of immune responses that the different worms induce, rather than to the physiological costs of parasitism. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="970" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac7902">970</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>How dying tumor cells get noticed</jats:title> <jats:p> Besides killing tumor cells directly, some chemotherapies, such as anthracyclines, also activate the immune system to kill tumors. Vacchelli <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> discovered that in mice, anthracycline-induced antitumor immunity requires immune cells to express the protein formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1). Dendritic cells (DCs) near tumors expressed especially high amounts of FPR1. DCs normally capture fragments of dying tumor cells and use them to activate nearby T cells to kill tumors, but DCs lacking FPR1 failed to do this effectively. Individuals with breast or colon cancer expressing a variant of FPR1 and treated with anthracyclines showed poor metastasis-free and overall survival. Thus, FPR1 may affect anti-tumor immunity in people, too. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="972" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad0779">972</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Noncoding RNA helps protein binding</jats:title> <jats:p> Besides reading the coding regions of genes, RNA polymerase generates RNA at promoter-proximal and -distal DNA elements, but the function of these molecules is largely unknown. Sigova <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that these RNAs facilitate interactions between gene regulators and the regulatory elements they occupy. Nascent RNA associates with the transcription factor YY1 and increases its ability to bind DNA. Thus, transcription at active regulatory elements may provide a positive feedback loop that reinforces regulatory elements contributing to the stability of gene expression programs. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="978" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aad3346">978</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Establishing a longtime residency</jats:title> <jats:p> Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a subset of immune cells that promote barrier immunity in tissues such as the gut and lungs and help to maintain immune homeostasis. Gasteiger <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated how the body maintains its pools of ILCs in such peripheral tissues, as well as in immune tissues such as the lymph nodes and the spleen. In mice surgically joined to share their bloodstreams, unlike lymphocytes, most ILCs did not circulate through the blood. Instead, ILCs resided long term in tissues, even in the face of inflammation or infection. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="981" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9593">981</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Monocytes block tumor access to the lung</jats:title> <jats:p> Metastatic cancer is especially hard to treat. In order to find potential new therapeutic targets, scientists are trying to understand the cellular events that promote or prevent metastasis. Hanna <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now report a role for patrolling monocytes in blocking tumor metastasis to the lungs in mice. Tumors in mice engineered to lack patrolling monocytes showed increased metastasis to the lung but not to other tissues. Patrolling monocytes resided in the microvasculature of the lung, where they engulfed tumor material, which may explain how these cells prevent tumors from colonizing the lung. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6263" page="985" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="350" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aac9407">985</jats:related-article> </jats:p>