Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Making perfect atomic arrays</jats:title> <jats:p> Arrays of atoms can be a useful resource for quantum information. However, loading atoms into arrays is typically a stochastic process, which leads to imperfections. Two groups have now performed defect-free assembly of atoms into arrays (see the Perspective by Regal). The researchers first loaded the atoms stochastically and imaged the system. They then shuttled the atoms around to form perfect arrays. Barredo <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> worked with two-dimensional arrays, creating a variety of spatial configurations. Endres <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> manipulated atoms along a line. By further cooling down the atoms and generating interactions among them, the techniques may also find use in quantum simulation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="972" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaj2145">972</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1021" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah3778">1021</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1024" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah3752">1024</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Making perfect atomic arrays</jats:title> <jats:p> Arrays of atoms can be a useful resource for quantum information. However, loading atoms into arrays is typically a stochastic process, which leads to imperfections. Two groups have now performed defect-free assembly of atoms into arrays (see the Perspective by Regal). The researchers first loaded the atoms stochastically and imaged the system. They then shuttled the atoms around to form perfect arrays. Barredo <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> worked with two-dimensional arrays, creating a variety of spatial configurations. Endres <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> manipulated atoms along a line. By further cooling down the atoms and generating interactions among them, the techniques may also find use in quantum simulation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="972" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaj2145">972</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1021" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah3778">1021</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1024" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah3752">1024</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Mega-earthquakes go the flat way</jats:title> <jats:p> Megathrust faults in subduction zones cause large and damaging earthquakes. Bletery <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> argue that certain geometric features of the subduction zones relate to earthquake size. The key parameter is the curvature of the megathrust. Larger earthquakes occur where the subducting slab is flatter, providing a rough metric for estimating where mega-earthquakes may occur in the future. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1027" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aag0482">1027</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Tuning nanoparticle strain</jats:title> <jats:p> The catalytic activity of metals in heterogeneous catalysts can be altered by applying strain, which changes the crystalline lattice spacing and modifies the metal's electronic properties. Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show how particles of cobalt oxide, a positive electrode for lithium batteries, can expand or contract with charging and transfer strain to adsorbed platinum nanoparticles. For the oxygen reduction reaction used in fuel cells, compressive strain boosted activity by 90%, and tensile strain decreased it by 40%. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1031" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaf7680">1031</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Open sesame!</jats:title> <jats:p> The autophagosome is a double-membraned intracellular structure involved in the disposal of damaged or defunct organelles. Autophagosome formation requires a number of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins. Among them, the key conjugation systems ATG8 and ATG12 are widely exploited in the detection of autophagy in many organisms. However, their precise function in autophagy remains unknown. Tsuboyama <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> identified an unexpected role of ATG3, an important enzyme in the ATG conjugation systems, in efficient degradation and opening of the inner autophagosomal membrane after fusion with lysosomes (see the Perspective by Levine). Their live-imaging system revealed the entire life of an autophagosome in mammalian cells. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1036" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaf6136">1036</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="968" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aal3145">968</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Status alters immune function in macaques</jats:title> <jats:p> Rhesus macaques experience variable levels of stress on the basis of their position in the social hierarchy. To examine how stress affects immune function, Snyder-Mackler <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> manipulated the social status of individual macaques (see the Perspective by Sapolsky). Social status influenced the immune system at multiple levels, from immune cell numbers to gene expression, and altered signaling pathways in a model of response to infection. Macaques possess a plastic and adaptive immune response wherein social subordination promotes antibacterial responses, whereas high social status promotes antiviral responses. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1041" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah3580">1041</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="967" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aal3170">967</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Protecting memories from stress</jats:title> <jats:p> It is widely accepted that stress has a negative impact on memory retrieval. But specific approaches to learning can counteract this effect. Smith <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that when memory was tested immediately after the onset of stress, stress effects were reduced. Furthermore, when subjects learned novel material by using a highly effective learning technique involving practice tests, their memory was also protected against the negative effects of stress. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6315" page="1046" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="354" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aah5067">1046</jats:related-article> </jats:p>