Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Representing the identity of a smell</jats:title> <jats:p>We still don't know how odors retain their identities over a range of concentrations. Working in mice, Bolding and Franks simultaneously recorded spiking activity from neurons in the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex, two important brain regions for olfaction. Odor information was transformed from a representation that was highly concentration dependent in the olfactory bulb to a representation that was largely concentration invariant in the piriform cortex. The underlying mechanism involves a “winner-takes-all” lateral inhibition. In the collateral network of the piriform cortex, the principal cells responded promptly to output from the olfactory bulb, and recurrent inhibition curtailed the intensity dependence of the signal.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat6904">eaat6904</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p> Nie and colleagues suggest a key role for interannual climate variation as an explanation for the temporal dynamics of an unexpected 20-year reversal of biomass responses of C <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> -C <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> grasses to elevated CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> . However, we had already identified some climate-dependent differences in C <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and C <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> responses to eCO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and shown that these could not fully explain the temporal dynamics we observed. </jats:p>

<jats:title>(IL-)2 be or not to be?</jats:title> <jats:p> Immunological T follicular helper (T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> ) cells are a subpopulation of CD4 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cells that support B cell antibody production and the establishment of B cell memory. By contrast, non-T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> cells orchestrate enhanced innate immune cell functions at sites of pathogen encounter. The factors underlying differentiation into a T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> or non-T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> cell remain poorly understood, though there is evidence to suggest that the T cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) may play a role. Using IL-2 reporter mice, DiToro <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that naïve CD4 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cells that produce IL-2 are fated to become T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> cells, whereas nonproducers, which receive IL-2, become non-T <jats:sub>FH</jats:sub> cells. The CD4 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cell–fate decision was linked to T cell receptor strength—only those naïve CD4 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cells that received the highest T cell receptor signals were able to produce IL-2. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao2933">eaao2933</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>How much of the planet should we leave for other forms of life? This is a question humanity must now grapple with. The global human population is 7.6 billion and anticipated to increase to around 10 billion by the middle of the century. Consumption is also projected to increase, with demands for food and water more than doubling by 2050. Simply put, there is finite space and energy on the planet, and we must decide how much of it we're willing to share. This question requires deep consideration as it will determine the fate of millions of species and the health and well-being of future generations.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Rare double-Higgs events at the Large Hadron Collider could point to new physics.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Controversial strategy of intentionally infecting volunteers to test vaccine candidates is now back on the agenda.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Engineered natural killer cells and macrophages may be next immunotherapies.</jats:p>

<jats:p>ICESat-2 is set to reveal disappearing sea ice and retreating glacier beds.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Find reignites debate about megafauna extinctions.</jats:p>