Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Inducing interactions between quantum emitters</jats:title> <jats:p> The development of scalable quantum systems will require the ability to control the interactions between the individual quantum building blocks of the system. Evans <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used a pair of silicon vacancy centers embedded in a diamond nanocavity to show that interactions between the quantum emitters can be mediated optically (see the Perspective by Lodahl). Such optical control provides a speed advantage as well as the potential to develop an integrated platform for future quantum communication and quantum networking. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="662" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau4691">662</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="646" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav3076">646</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Cleaving with a metal handle</jats:title> <jats:p> Using adhesive tape to pull off monolayers of two-dimensional (2D) materials is now a well-established approach. However, the flakes tend to be micrometer scale, and the creation of multilayer stacks for device application can be challenging and time consuming. Shim <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that monolayers of a variety of 2D materials, including molybdenum disulfide and hexagonal boron nitride, can be cleaved from multilayers grown as 5-centimeter-diameter wafers. The multilayer is capped with a nickel layer, which can be used to pull off the entire grown stack. The bottom of the stack is again capped with nickel, and a second round of cleaving leaves the monolayer on the bottom nickel layer. The monolayers could be transferred to other surfaces, which allowed the authors to make field-effect transistors with high charge-carrier mobilities. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="665" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat8126">665</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>The staying power of electron-poor ligands</jats:title> <jats:p> The venerable Suzuki coupling reaction originally used palladium to pair up unsaturated carbon centers. The protocol has been widely extended to chiral saturated alkyl carbons, but control over product stereochemistry is a pressing challenge. Zhao <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> systematically studied how the properties of the phosphine ligands that are coordinated to the catalyst influence the stereochemical outcome. Certain electron-withdrawing phosphines favored retention of the initial configuration in chiral alkyltrifluoroborate reactants. Conversely, bulky electron-rich phosphines lead to inverted configurations in the products. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="670" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat2299">670</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Theta rhythm protects sleep replay</jats:title> <jats:p> Hippocampal replay of place cell sequences during sleep is critical for memory consolidation in target cortical areas. How is the sequential organization of place cell assemblies maintained across different time scales? Drieu <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> compared periods when a rat either sat passively on a moving train or ran actively on a treadmill on the same train. During the passive movement, the slow behavioral sequence of place cells was still present, but the rapid generation of theta sequences was lost. Active running on the treadmill, however, maintained the theta rhythm. After passive transport, sequence replay during sleep was destroyed, whereas active running protected replay. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="675" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat2952">675</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>No longer a safe haven</jats:title> <jats:p> Many biological patterns have a latitudinal component. One long-recognized pattern is that predation rates are higher at lower latitudes. This may explain why many migratory birds travel thousands of miles from the tropics to the poles to breed. Looking across thousands of records, Kubelka <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that climate change seems to have altered this fundamental pattern. In shorebirds, at least, predation rates on nests are now higher in the Arctic than in the tropics. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="680" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat8695">680</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Trouble at the hive</jats:title> <jats:p> Neonicotinoid pesticides cause mortality and decline in insect pollinators. One repeatedly noted effect is a reduction in bee colony size. However, the mechanism behind this reduction is unclear. Crall <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> performed complex real-time monitoring of bumblebee behavior within their nests (see the Perspective by Raine). Neonicotinoid exposure reduced nurse and caretaking behaviors, which affected productivity and harmed colony thermoregulation. These changes in behavior acted together to decrease colony viability, even when exposure was nonlethal. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="683" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat1598">683</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="643" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav5273">643</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Efflux pumps and mutation</jats:title> <jats:p>Antibiotic resistance is an alarming and growing challenge. Bacteria show great heterogeneity in growth and mutation rates. Such variability allows some cells to persist during transient antibiotic exposure. During this persistent phase, mutations accumulate, which can result in selection for full-blown antibiotic resistance. El Meouche and Dunlop found that increased expression of efflux pumps on some cells affords them some relief from antibiotic toxicity. But up-regulating efflux pumps is costly for the bacteria, reducing growth rate and expression of MutS, a protein involved in DNA mismatch repair. These changes thus lift the lid on increased levels of bacterial mutation.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="686" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar7981">686</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Detecting familial matches</jats:title> <jats:p> Recent advances in DNA technology and companies that provide array-based testing have led to services that collect, share, and analyze volunteered genomic information. Privacy concerns have been raised, especially in light of the use of these services by law enforcement to identify suspects in criminal cases. Testing models of relatedness, Erlich <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that many individuals of European ancestry in the United States—even those that have not undergone genetic testing—can be identified on the basis of available genetic information. These results indicate a need for procedures to help maintain genetic privacy for individuals. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="690" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau4832">690</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Adding to the cross-presentation family</jats:title> <jats:p> Immune responses to viral or tumor antigens are typically initiated by the process of cross-presentation. Cross-presentation is believed to be the major way that innate immune cells, such as the classical dendritic cell 1 (cDC1) subset, activate and prime immunological T cells. Theisen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used CRISPR-based screening to identify regulators of cross-presentation by cDC1s (see the Perspective by Barbet and Blander). One such regulator that was identified, WDFY4 (WD repeat- and FYVE domain–containing protein 4), was required for cross-presentation of cell- and bacterial-associated antigens. WDFY4 played a critical role in cDC1-mediated viral and tumor immunity yet did not seem necessary for major histocompatibility complex class II presentation or for cross-presentation by monocyte-derived DCs. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="694" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat5030">694</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="641" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav3683">641</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>An IgG1 SNP enhances autoimmunity</jats:title> <jats:p> One common feature of autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the presence of high titers of self-reactive antibodies. These result in immune complexes, inflammation, and tissue pathology. Consequently, the checkpoints that normally keep immunoglobulin G (IgG)–positive autoreactive B cells in check are of intense interest. Chen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report the presence of a common IgG1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in East Asian populations (hIgG1-G396R). This SNP was enriched in SLE patients and associated with increased disease severity. Humans with this SNP, as well as knockin mice, showed enhanced plasma cell accumulation and antibody production. This SNP enhanced IgG1 immunoglobulin tail tyrosine motif phosphorylation, triggering longer adaptor protein Grb2 dwell times in immunological synapses and hyper–Grb2–Bruton's tyrosine kinase signaling after antigen binding. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6415" page="700" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="362" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aap9310">700</jats:related-article> </jats:p>