Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:p> Huang <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . (Reports, 5 October 2018, p. 80) report significant increases in forest productivity from monocultures to multispecies mixtures in subtropical China. However, their estimated productivity decrease due to a 10% tree species loss seems high. We propose that including species richness distribution of the study forests would provide more meaningful estimates of forest-scale responses. </jats:p>

<jats:p> The Hansen <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . critique centers on the lack of spatial agreement between two very different datasets. Nonetheless, properly constructed comparisons designed to reconcile the two datasets yield up to 90% agreement (e.g., in South America). </jats:p>

<jats:title>Unmasking an agent of inflammatory anemia</jats:title> <jats:p> Infectious and autoimmune diseases are associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia. A severe form of inflammatory cytopenia called macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) may occur during rheumatological disorders and viral infections. Akilesh <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> show that monocyte recognition of self- or pathogen-derived nucleic acids via Toll-like receptors 7 and 9 (TLR7 and TLR9) drives MAS-like disease in mice. TLR7 or TLR9 signaling in monocytes causes these cells to differentiate into inflammatory hematophagocytes (iHPCs), which are similar to but distinct from red pulp macrophages. Preventing iHPC differentiation by depleting monocytes relieves MAS-like symptoms. When mice were subjected to a model of malarial anemia, MyD88- and endosomal TLR-dependent iHPC differentiation also occurred. Thus, iHPCs may play a role in both MAS-driven and malarial anemia, as well as thrombocytopenia. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao5213">eaao5213</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p> Yang <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . have raised criticism that the results reported by us would not be relevant for natural forests. We argue that productivity is positively related to species richness also in subtropical natural forests, and that both the species pools and the range of tree species richness used in our experiment are representative of many natural forests of this biome. </jats:p>

<jats:title> A cap-specific m <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> A writer </jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> ,2′- <jats:italic>O</jats:italic> -dimethyladenosine (m <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> Am) is present at the transcription start nucleotide of capped mRNAs in vertebrates. Akichika <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> quantified the abundance of this modification in the transcriptome and identified the writer protein, cap-specific adenosine methyltransferase (CAPAM), needed for this modification. CAPAM contains a unique structure that recognizes cap-specific <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> -methyladenosine (m <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> A) as the substrate. The protein interacts with RNA polymerase II, suggesting that the modification occurs cotranscriptionally. The m <jats:sup>6</jats:sup> Am promotes the translation of capped mRNAs in a eIF4E-independent fashion. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav0080">eaav0080</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Clear directions for a robotic platform</jats:title> <jats:p> The chemistry literature contains more than a century's worth of instructions for making molecules, all written by and for humans. Steiner <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed an autonomous compiler and robotic laboratory platform to synthesize organic compounds on the basis of standardized methods descriptions (see the Perspective by Milo). The platform comprises conventional equipment such as round-bottom flasks, separatory funnels, and a rotary evaporator to maximize its compatibility with extant literature. The authors showcase the system with short syntheses of three common pharmaceuticals that proceeded comparably to manual synthesis. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav2211">eaav2211</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6423" page="122" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav8816">122</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A physiological function for sAPP?</jats:title> <jats:p> Although the pathological role of the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer's disease is well studied, the physiological role of this protein has remained elusive. Rice <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that the secreted ectodomain of APP (sAPP) binds to GABA <jats:sub>B</jats:sub> R1a, the metabotropic receptor for the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (see the Perspective by Korte). Binding suppressed synaptic vesicle release and modulated synaptic transmission and plasticity in mice. A short, 17–amino acid peptide in APP bound to GABA <jats:sub>B</jats:sub> R1a's sushi 1 domain, conferring structure to this unstructured domain. Therapeutics targeting this interaction could potentially benefit a range of neurological disorders in which GABA signaling is implicated. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aao4827">eaao4827</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6423" page="123" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw0636">123</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Metabolism as a driver of immune response</jats:title> <jats:p> All living organisms need energy and metabolic building blocks to sustain biological processes. Wang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> review immunometabolism, applying the principles of life history theory. They highlight recent advances showing the reciprocal interactions between systemic metabolism and immunity, as well as how inflammation can alter the functional state of metabolic organs and their central control by the hypothalamus. Such coordinated cross-talk between whole-body and immune cell metabolism is involved in a variety of health and disease states. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aar3932">eaar3932</jats:related-article> </jats:p>