Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title> The state of ocean CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> uptake </jats:title> <jats:p> The ocean is an important sink for anthropogenic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and has absorbed roughly 30% of our emissions between the beginning of the industrial revolution and the mid-1990s. This effect is an important moderator of climate change, but can we count on it to remain as strong in the future? Gruber <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> calculated the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> for the interval from 1994 to 2007, which continued as expected. They also observed clear regional deviations from this pattern, suggesting that there is no guarantee that uptake will remain as robust with time. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1193" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau5153">1193</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Superefficient light emission</jats:title> <jats:p> A challenge to improving synthesis methods for superefficient light-emitting semiconductor nanoparticles is that current analytical methods cannot measure efficiencies above 99%. Hanifi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used photothermal deflection spectroscopy to measure very small nonradiative decay components in quantum dot photoluminescence. The method allowed them to tune the synthesis of CdSe/CdS quantum dots so that the external luminescent efficiencies exceeded 99.5%. This is important for applications that require an absolute minimum amount of photon energy to be lost as heat, such as photovoltaic luminescent concentrators. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1199" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat3803">1199</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Iron's new Best Friend</jats:title> <jats:p> Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most widely studied ligands in the chemistry of transition metals. One of its distinguishing features is a two-way bonding motif, in which CO donates electrons to the metal while the metal simultaneously engages in “back bonding” in the other direction. Theory has suggested that the isoelectronic boron fluoride diatomic, BF, would be even more effective at both types of bonding. However, it has been challenging to prepare the requisite compounds for comparison. Drance <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now report synthesis of a terminal iron-BF complex, with donor and acceptor characteristics that compare favorably to analogous CO and N <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> complexes. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1203" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw6102">1203</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A flexible strategy for piezoelectrics</jats:title> <jats:p> Piezoelectric materials produce charge when they are deformed, making them ideal for various types of sensors. However, virtually all piezoelectric materials are ceramics, which are far from ideal for applications requiring flexible sensors. Liao <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now describe a molecular material with piezoelectric properties comparable to the industry-standard ceramic lead zirconate titanate. The exceptional properties come from finding a molecular solid-solution series that allows for compositional optimization of the piezoelectric properties. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1206" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav3057">1206</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Mysterious males</jats:title> <jats:p> In parthenogenetic species, females produce female offspring, generally without the input of males. Given this, the production of males would seem to be a waste of resources. Grosmaire <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report that in a particular soil nematode, males are regularly produced at a rate of about 9%. They found that the male sperm was required for egg activation, yet the sperm DNA never transmitted on to the subsequent female generation. Provided that male DNA is preferentially passed on through sibling mating, male production is evolutionarily stable. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1210" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau0099">1210</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Herbivores shape tropical forests</jats:title> <jats:p> In tropical forests, high local tree diversity is driven by negative density dependence, a process whereby plant performance is inhibited by closely related neighbors. Negative density dependence could be caused by competition for resources among neighbors or result from shared herbivores and pathogens. Using data from forest plots in Panama, Forrister <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> compared the contributions of these mechanisms. They found no effect of competition, but strong effects of plant chemistry and shared herbivores on coexisting <jats:italic>Inga</jats:italic> tree species. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1213" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau9460">1213</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Oxygen sensing revisited</jats:title> <jats:p> The cellular response to hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) is a contributing factor in many human diseases. Previous studies examining the way in which hypoxia alters gene expression have focused on oxygen-sensing enzymes that regulate the activity of a transcription factor called hypoxia-inducible factor (see the Perspective by Gallipoli and Huntly). Chakraborty <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Batie <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now show that hypoxia can also affect gene expression through direct effects on chromatin regulators. Certain histone demethylases, such as KDM6A and KDM5A, were found to be direct sensors of oxygen. In cell-culture models, hypoxia diminished the activity of these enzymes and caused changes in the expression of genes that govern cell fate. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1217" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw1026">1217</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1222" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau5870">1222</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1148" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw8373">1148</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Oxygen sensing revisited</jats:title> <jats:p> The cellular response to hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) is a contributing factor in many human diseases. Previous studies examining the way in which hypoxia alters gene expression have focused on oxygen-sensing enzymes that regulate the activity of a transcription factor called hypoxia-inducible factor (see the Perspective by Gallipoli and Huntly). Chakraborty <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> and Batie <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> now show that hypoxia can also affect gene expression through direct effects on chromatin regulators. Certain histone demethylases, such as KDM6A and KDM5A, were found to be direct sensors of oxygen. In cell-culture models, hypoxia diminished the activity of these enzymes and caused changes in the expression of genes that govern cell fate. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1217" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw1026">1217</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1222" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau5870">1222</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6432" page="1148" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw8373">1148</jats:related-article> </jats:p>