Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Neuron activity across the brain</jats:title> <jats:p> How is it that groups of neurons dispersed through the brain interact to generate complex behaviors? Three papers in this issue present brain-scale studies of neuronal activity and dynamics (see the Perspective by Huk and Hart). Allen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that in thirsty mice, there is widespread neural activity related to stimuli that elicit licking and drinking. Individual neurons encoded task-specific responses, but every brain area contained neurons with different types of response. Optogenetic stimulation of thirst-sensing neurons in one area of the brain reinstated drinking and neuronal activity across the brain that previously signaled thirst. Gründemann <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated the activity of mouse basal amygdala neurons in relation to behavior during different tasks. Two ensembles of neurons showed orthogonal activity during exploratory and nonexploratory behaviors, possibly reflecting different levels of anxiety experienced in these areas. Stringer <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed spontaneous neuronal firing, finding that neurons in the primary visual cortex encoded both visual information and motor activity related to facial movements. The variability of neuronal responses to visual stimuli in the primary visual area is mainly related to arousal and reflects the encoding of latent behavioral states. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav3932" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav3932">eaav3932</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav8736" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav8736">eaav8736</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav7893" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav7893">eaav7893</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="236" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax1512">236</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Neuron activity across the brain</jats:title> <jats:p> How is it that groups of neurons dispersed through the brain interact to generate complex behaviors? Three papers in this issue present brain-scale studies of neuronal activity and dynamics (see the Perspective by Huk and Hart). Allen <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that in thirsty mice, there is widespread neural activity related to stimuli that elicit licking and drinking. Individual neurons encoded task-specific responses, but every brain area contained neurons with different types of response. Optogenetic stimulation of thirst-sensing neurons in one area of the brain reinstated drinking and neuronal activity across the brain that previously signaled thirst. Gründemann <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated the activity of mouse basal amygdala neurons in relation to behavior during different tasks. Two ensembles of neurons showed orthogonal activity during exploratory and nonexploratory behaviors, possibly reflecting different levels of anxiety experienced in these areas. Stringer <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed spontaneous neuronal firing, finding that neurons in the primary visual cortex encoded both visual information and motor activity related to facial movements. The variability of neuronal responses to visual stimuli in the primary visual area is mainly related to arousal and reflects the encoding of latent behavioral states. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav3932" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav3932">eaav3932</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav8736" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav8736">eaav8736</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaav7893" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav7893">eaav7893</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="236" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax1512">236</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Hayabusa2 at the asteroid Ryugu</jats:title> <jats:p> Asteroids fall to Earth in the form of meteorites, but these provide little information about their origins. The Japanese mission Hayabusa2 is designed to collect samples directly from the surface of an asteroid and return them to Earth for laboratory analysis. Three papers in this issue describe the Hayabusa2 team's study of the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu, at which the spacecraft arrived in June 2018 (see the Perspective by Wurm). Watanabe <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> measured the asteroid's mass, shape, and density, showing that it is a “rubble pile” of loose rocks, formed into a spinning-top shape during a prior period of rapid spin. They also identified suitable landing sites for sample collection. Kitazato <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used near-infrared spectroscopy to find ubiquitous hydrated minerals on the surface and compared Ryugu with known types of carbonaceous meteorite. Sugita <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> describe Ryugu's geological features and surface colors and combined results from all three papers to constrain the asteroid's formation process. Ryugu probably formed by reaccumulation of rubble ejected by impact from a larger asteroid. These results provide necessary context to understand the samples collected by Hayabusa2, which are expected to arrive on Earth in December 2020. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="268" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav8032">268</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="272" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav7432">272</jats:related-article> , p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="eaaw0422" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw0422">eaaw0422</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6437" page="230" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="364" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aax3089">230</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p> Di Carlo <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . comment that our original results were insufficient to prove that the ghost cytometry technique is performing a morphologic analysis of cells in flow. We emphasize that the technique is primarily intended to acquire and classify morphological information of cells in a computationally efficient manner without reconstructing images. We provide additional supporting information, including images reconstructed from the compressive waveforms and a discussion of current and future throughput potentials. </jats:p>

<jats:p>Personal genomics is enjoying increased visibility, yet much remains cloudy about its true potential. We see advertisements from direct-to-consumer companies and media coverage of scientific studies reporting new genomic associations with a range of traits. With this deluge of information, individuals need to become educated consumers to judge how valid these associations are, particularly if individuals are inclined to change their actions based on the results.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Sharper pictures from the Event Horizon Telescope could test theory of gravity.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Seismic sounds collected at sea help reveal mantle plumes.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Accusers saw alleged harasser at society's conference, butits new harassment policy did not cover the situation.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Outcry greets Pentagon move to cut long-standing ties.</jats:p>