Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Who and what next?</jats:title> <jats:p> The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought tighter restrictions on the daily lives of millions of people, but we do not yet understand what measures are the most effective. Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> modeled virus transmission in Wuhan, China, in February 2020, investigating the effects of interventions ranging from patient management to social isolation. Age-mixing patterns were estimated by contact surveys conducted in Wuhan and Shanghai at the beginning of February 2020. Once people reduced their average daily contacts from 14 to 20 down to 2, transmission rapidly fell below the epidemic threshold. The model also showed that preemptive school closures helped to reduce transmission, although alone they would not prevent a COVID-19 outbreak. Limiting human mixing to within households appeared to be the most effective measure. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1481" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb8001">1481</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Metalens-array–based quantum source</jats:title> <jats:p> Spontaneous down-conversion is an exotic optical process in a nonlinear crystal in which a high-energy photon splits into two lower-energy photons that are quantum mechanically entangled. These entangled pairs are valuable commodities for quantum information processing and quantum communications. Because the experimental setup is usually performed with bulk optical components, there is a need to decrease the size scale for application. Li <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> combined an array of specialized metalenses with a nonlinear crystal and show that the scale of the process can be shrunk substantially. The approach should prove useful for developing miniaturized integrated quantum optical technologies. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1487" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba9779">1487</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Pairs of peaks stabilize output power</jats:title> <jats:p> A counterintuitive feature of photosynthesis is that the primary pigments involved in absorbing light—for example, chlorophyll a and b in plants—do not all absorb right at the peak of the spectrum but instead are offset from the peak and each other. Arp <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> formulated a network model that explains how using pigments with this absorption-peak pattern can mitigate internal and external fluctuations in energy transfer, minimizing noise in output power (see the Perspective by Duffy). The model accurately reproduces absorption peaks for three diverse photosynthetic systems from different spectral environments. Such a mechanism may provide an underlying robustness to biological photosynthetic processes that can be further tuned and tweaked to adapt to longer-scale fluctuations in light intensity. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1490" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba6630">1490</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1427" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc8063">1427</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Sled dog arctic adaptations go far back</jats:title> <jats:p> Dogs have been used for sledding in the Arctic as far back as ∼9500 years ago. However, the relationships among the earliest sled dogs, other dog populations, and wolves are unknown. Sinding <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> sequenced an ancient sled dog, 10 modern sled dogs, and an ancient wolf and analyzed their genetic relationships with other modern dogs. This analysis indicates that sled dogs represent an ancient lineage going back at least 9500 years and that wolves bred with the ancestors of sled dogs and precontact American dogs. However, gene flow between sled dogs and wolves likely stopped before ∼9500 years ago. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1495" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaz8599">1495</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A wrench in the works of COVID-19</jats:title> <jats:p> Understanding the inner workings of the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may help us to disrupt it. Yin <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> focused on the viral polymerase essential for replicating viral RNA. They determined a structure of the polymerase bound to RNA and to the drug remdesivir. Remdesivir mimics an RNA nucleotide building block and is covalently linked to the replicating RNA, which blocks further synthesis of RNA. The structure provides a template for designing improved therapeutics against the viral polymerase. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6498" page="1499" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="368" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc1560">1499</jats:related-article> </jats:p>