Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Immunology through a human lens</jats:title> <jats:p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the critical need to better understand the human immune system and how to unleash its power to develop vaccines and therapeutics. Much of our knowledge of the immune system has accrued from studies in mice, yet vaccines and drugs that work effectively in mice do not always translate into humans. Pulendran and Davis review recent technological advances that have facilitated the study of the immune system in humans. They discuss new insights and how these can affect the development of drugs and vaccines in the modern era.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay4014">eaay4014</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Basic principles of bird and mammal brains</jats:title> <jats:p> Mammals can be very smart. They also have a brain with a cortex. It has thus often been assumed that the advanced cognitive skills of mammals are closely related to the evolution of the cerebral cortex. However, birds can also be very smart, and several bird species show amazing cognitive abilities. Although birds lack a cerebral cortex, they do have pallium, and this is considered to be analogous, if not homologous, to the cerebral cortex. An outstanding feature of the mammalian cortex is its layered architecture. In a detailed anatomical study of the bird pallium, Stacho <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> describe a similarly layered architecture. Despite the nuclear organization of the bird pallium, it has a cyto-architectonic organization that is reminiscent of the mammalian cortex. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc5534">eabc5534</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Mapping primordial reaction networks</jats:title> <jats:p> Chemists seeking to understand the origins of life have published a wide range of reactions that may have yielded the building blocks of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from simple precursors. Wołos <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> scoured the literature to document each such reaction class and then wrote software that applied the reactions first to the simplest compounds such as cyanide, water, and ammonia, and then iteratively to each successive generation of products. The resulting network predicted a variety of previously unappreciated routes to biochemically relevant compounds, several of which the authors validated experimentally. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw1955">eaaw1955</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Dissecting membrane dislocation</jats:title> <jats:p> Mistargeting and misinsertion of membrane proteins causes proteostasis stress and dysfunction of intracellular organelles, which can lead to disease. McKenna <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that a conserved orphan P-type adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) transporter removes misinserted transmembrane segments from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Functional reconstitutions and cryo–electron microscopy structures show how this ATPase selectively extracts mitochondrial proteins that are mistargeted to the ER and transmembrane segments that are inserted in the wrong orientation. This work identifies polypeptides as a new class of P-type ATPase substrates and defines a new protein quality-control mechanism at the ER. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc5809">eabc5809</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>Most ground-based observatories require a dark night sky to uncover answers to some of the most fundamental questions about the nature of our Universe. However, a number of companies and governments are in various stages of planning or deploying bright satellites in low-Earth orbit (or LEOsats) in greater numbers than ever before. These “megaconstellations” will fundamentally change astronomical observing at visible wavelengths. Nighttime images will be contaminated by streaks caused by the passage of Sun-illuminated satellites. If proposals calling for 100,000 or more LEOsats are realized, no combination of mitigations will be able to fully avoid the negative impact on astronomy.</jats:p>

<jats:p>A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Antibodies or mutations that cripple key antivirus protein underlie 14% of severe cases.</jats:p>

<jats:p>The pandemic has fueled Abigail Echo-Hawk's quest for health data on Indigenous people in the United States.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Nations with nearly two-thirds of world's population have joined, but not the United States, Russia, or China.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers and physicians who question data or policies face lengthy investigations.</jats:p>