Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>A dangerous trend</jats:title> <jats:p> How anthropogenically driven climate change is affecting heat waves and drought is one of the most important environmental issues facing societies around the globe. Zhang <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> present a 260-year-long record of temperature and soil moisture over inner East Asia that reveals an abrupt shift to hotter and drier conditions (see the Perspective by Zhang and Fang). Extreme episodes of hotter and drier climate over the past 20 years, which are unprecedented in the earlier records, are caused by a positive feedback loop between soil moisture deficits and surface warming and potentially represent the start of an irreversible trend. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6520" page="1095" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb3368">1095</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6520" page="1037" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abf1700">1037</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A logic to cell-cell recognition</jats:title> <jats:p> There has been exciting progress in the field of cancer immunotherapy, which harnesses a patient's own immune system to kill cancer cells. However, achieving precise recognition of cancer cells remains challenging. Cells engineered with synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptors bind to specific antigens, and binding induces the expression of defined genes. Williams <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used synNotch modules as transcriptional connectors that daisy-chain together multiple receptors. They engineered T cells that can recognize up to three target antigens expressed on or inside cancer cells and integrated these inputs to achieve NOT, AND, and OR logic. The engineered cells achieved precise recognition of targeted cancer cells. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6520" page="1099" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc6270">1099</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Quality control in mitochondria</jats:title> <jats:p> Human mitochondria have their own genome and ribosomes called mitoribosomes that respectively encode and synthesize essential subunits of complexes that use the energy from the oxidation of metabolites to drive the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These complexes are key to the health of the cell. Desai <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> studied a mitoribosome-associated quality control pathway that prevents aberrant translation. They purified mitoribosomes under conditions designed to induce stalling and determined the structures of two intermediates in the rescue pathway. These structures revealed two proteins that eject the unfinished polypeptide chain and peptidyl transfer RNA from the ribosome. Their cryo–electron microscopy dataset also revealed additional states that may correspond to intermediates in the mitochondrial translation elongation cycle. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article issue="6520" page="1105" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370">1105</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A beneficial cocktail</jats:title> <jats:p> Since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considerable effort has gone into generating and characterizing neutralizing antibodies that could be used as therapeutics. Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans led to the development of a cocktail of two potent antibodies that simultaneously bind to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and prevent the virus from entering host cells. Baum <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> evaluated the efficacy of this cocktail, REGN-COV2, in rhesus macaques, which may model mild disease, and in golden hamsters, which present more severe symptoms. The antibody cocktail provided benefits in both models when administered either prophylactically or therapeutically and is currently in clinical trials. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6520" page="1110" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abe2402">1110</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Paternal factor specifies female wasps</jats:title> <jats:p> Not all animals have specialized sex chromosomes to determine their sex. In hymenopteran insects, for example, unfertilized eggs become males and fertilized eggs become females. Prior work showed that the paternal genome provides instruction for female development. Zou <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> identified a sex determination instructor gene, <jats:italic>wasp overruler of masculinization</jats:italic> , with parent-of-origin effect, in the parasitoid <jats:italic>Nasonia vitripennis</jats:italic> . It is only transcribed from the paternally provided genome in fertilized eggs to initiate female development. This discovery provides insights into the molecular basis and evolution of sex determination. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article issue="6520" page="1115" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370">1115</jats:related-article> </jats:p>