Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Stem-like T cells mediate response</jats:title> <jats:p> Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is a type of immunotherapy that uses a patient's own T lymphocytes to recognize and attack cancer. ACT has been effective in treating certain patients with metastatic melanoma and is being applied to treat some epithelial cancers. Krishna <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> investigated why some cancer patients respond to ACT, whereas others do not. They identified a population of CD8 <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cells that had stem-like surface markers that were associated with effective tumor cell killing and favorable response of melanoma patients to ACT. Only a small subset of T cells specific against tumor mutations were found in this stem-like state, whereas most mutation-reactive T cells were terminally differentiated. These findings could be of value in improving cancer immunotherapy outcomes. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6522" page="1328" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abb9847">1328</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Season of the drought</jats:title> <jats:p> The Indian monsoon is a critical source of water for hundreds of millions of people, and when it fails to deliver its normal quantity of rain, enormous human, economic, and ecological costs can be incurred. Monsoon droughts are not always seasonal, however. Borah <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that nearly half of all monsoonal droughts were subseasonal and characterized by a steep decline in late-season rainfall. Moreover, this type of subseasonal drought appears to be related to a distinct cold anomaly in the North Atlantic Ocean, raising the possibility that monsoon droughts may be more predictable. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6522" page="1335" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aay6043">1335</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Antibodies predating infection</jats:title> <jats:p> Immunological memory after infection with seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) may potentially contribute to cross-protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ng <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> report that in a cohort of 350 SARS-CoV-2–uninfected individuals, a small proportion had circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that could cross-react with the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (see the Perspective by Guthmiller and Wilson). By contrast, COVID-19 patients generated IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies that recognized both the S1 and S2 subunits. The anti-S2 antibodies from SARS-CoV-2–uninfected patients showed specific neutralizing activity against both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotypes. A much higher percentage of SARS-CoV-2–uninfected children and adolescents were positive for these antibodies compared with adults. This pattern may be due to the fact that children and adolescents generally have higher hCoV infection rates and a more diverse antibody repertoire, which may explain the age distribution of COVID-19 susceptibility. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6522" page="1339" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abe1107">1339</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6522" page="1272" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abf4860">1272</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1287 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.</jats:p>

<jats:title>Controlling atmospheric carbon dioxide</jats:title> <jats:p> The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> ) has varied substantially over the past million years in tandem with the glacial cycle. Although it is widely agreed that upwelling of Southern Ocean water is a key factor, the finer details about what caused these CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variations are of great importance for understanding climate. Ai <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> identified three modes of change in Southern Ocean upwelling, adding a third to two previously recognized ones. This new mode can help explain better the relative timing of the glacial and CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> cycles. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6522" page="1348" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="370" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abd2115">1348</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>