Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Pushing and pulling for high strength</jats:title> <jats:p> High-strength aluminum alloys are important for producing lightweight cars, trains, and airplanes. The traditional strategy for doing this is through hours of high-temperature cycling to form precipitates in the alloy. Sun <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed a processing method that relies on mechanical cycling by pushing and pulling on the alloys at room temperature. This quickly creates many very fine precipitates that have the same strengthening effect as those characteristic of traditional thermal methods. This method should also work for other alloy systems. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="972" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aav7086">972</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Coupled ripples in memory</jats:title> <jats:p> Short-lived, high-frequency oscillations in the brain called ripples have been implicated as substrates for memory formation. There is, however, little evidence linking ripple activity with awake memory retrieval in humans. Vaz <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> analyzed intracranial recordings in human subjects (see the Perspective by Gelinas). They found that ripple oscillations in the brain's medial temporal lobe were coupled with ripple oscillations in the temporal cortex. This coupling was enhanced just before successful memory retrieval. During successful retrievals with ripples, patterns of oscillations were recapitulated across multiple electrodes, consistent with the initial encoding. The observation that ripple oscillations occur before successful memory retrieval suggests that they may play a mechanistic role in the retrieval process. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="975" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau8956">975</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="927" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw6767">927</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Accounting for a warming ocean</jats:title> <jats:p> Fisheries provide food and support livelihoods across the world. They are also under extreme pressure, with many stocks overfished and poorly managed. Climate change will add to the burden fish stocks bear, but such impacts remain largely unknown. Free <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> used temperature-specific models and hindcasting across fish stocks to determine the degree to which warming has, and will, affect fish species (see the Perspective by Plagányi). They found that an overall reduction in yield has occurred over the past 80 years. Furthermore, although some species are predicted to respond positively to warming waters, the majority will experience a negative impact on growth. As our world warms, responsible and active management of fisheries harvests will become even more important. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="979" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau1758">979</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="930" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw5824">930</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Turn-taking in singing mice</jats:title> <jats:p> The ability to take turns is a hallmark of social interaction among animals. It occurs in many different species, from dueting birds to frogs, and is a notable part of human speech. Such rapid response requires a complex cascade of sensory and motor actions that has been difficult to characterize. Okobi <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> examined turn-taking in tropical singing mice, in which males interrupt, and alter, each other's songs (see the Perspective by Hage). They describe an orofacial motor cortex that mediates rapid transition from the motor cortex to the vocal motor apparatus and facilitates rapid vocal interactions. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="983" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aau9480">983</jats:related-article> see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="926" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw5562">926</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Exosomes that fatten immune cells</jats:title> <jats:p> Adipose tissue in mammals contains not only adipocytes (fat cells) but also a variety of immune cells—most notably, macrophages. Proper communication between these cell types is thought to be important for metabolic health. Flaherty <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that adipocytes release lipid-filled vesicles (AdExos) that serve as the primary source of lipid for adipose-resident macrophages (see the Perspective by Antonyak <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> ). AdExos were present at low levels in the circulation of mice and were produced at twice the rate in obese versus lean animals. In vitro, AdExos induced differentiation of bone marrow precursor cells into cells resembling adipose-resident macrophages. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="989" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw2586">989</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="931" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aaw6765">931</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Stressed gut epithelium gets some relief</jats:title> <jats:p> Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundantly expressed antibody isotype and can be found at various mucosal surfaces in the body, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. IgA is polyreactive and can coat and restrain both commensal bacteria and enteric pathogens. Grootjans <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the intestinal epithelial cells of mice induced the T cell– and microbiota-independent expansion of peritoneal B1b cells, which secrete IgA. Similarly, human subjects homozygous for a variant of an autophagy gene ( <jats:italic>ATG16L1</jats:italic> ) known to cause ER stress showed increased numbers of GI IgA <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> cells compared with controls. Thus, epithelial ER stress serves as an advantageous “eustress” response that can functionally antagonize its well-characterized role in promoting inflammation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" issue="6430" page="993" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="363" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aat7186">993</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:p>A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.</jats:p>